English Vocabulary · Cross-exam Academic English Beta

TOEFL · TOEIC · IELTS · IGCSE Vocabulary

This 1,600-word beta set supports learners preparing for TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, and Cambridge IGCSE English. Official specimen papers supply the primary occurrence evidence, so words shared across several programmes rise toward the beginning of the list. Overlap with school-grade, SAT, and GRE vocabulary is intentional because the same academic English serves several learning pathways.

A limited public specimen corpus does not contain 1,600 distinct, reliable teaching headwords. The remaining places therefore bridge from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 curricula using general English frequency and a fixed balance of nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs. Every row reuses a reviewed meaning, complete example sentence, word-study note, and dictionary-style equivalents in all launch languages. The first release includes five cloze questions per page; reading workshops will be added only after their English passages and translations are separately reviewed.

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Words 141–175 of 1600
#	Word	Details	Meaning	Sample sentence
141	construct	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: construct is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	The engineers will construct a footbridge across the creek.
142	promotion	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -tion commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	The campaign focuses on the promotion of bicycle safety.
143	organize	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ize commonly forms a verb meaning to make, become, or apply.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Color-coded folders organize the records by month.
144	revise	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: revise is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Writers revise the introduction after receiving feedback.
145	contradict	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: contradict is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	The new fossil may contradict the earlier timeline.
146	industry	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: industry is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Fishing is an important industry in the coastal region.
147	application	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Mia submitted an application to join the summer science camp.
148	act	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: act is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	The conflict becomes unavoidable at the end of the second act.
149	permanent	adjective Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: permanent is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	The artist used permanent ink on the sign.
150	assume	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: assume is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Do not assume the path is safe before checking the map.
151	survive	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: survive is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Cactus plants survive long periods without rain.
152	percent	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: percent is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Twenty-five percent is equivalent to one fourth.
153	reveal	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: reveal is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	The final clue will reveal the treasure's location.
154	pressure	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: pressure is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Air pressure decreases as elevation increases.
155	credit	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: credit is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Responsible use of credit requires a plan for repayment.
156	external	adjective Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: external is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	The turtle's external shell protects its body.
157	alternative	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: alternative is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Taking the train is a practical alternative to driving.
158	efficient	adjective Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: efficient is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	The efficient oven uses less electricity while cooking food evenly.
159	visible	adjective Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: visible is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	The lighthouse became visible when the fog lifted.
160	intense	adjective Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: intense is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	The intense heat forced the runners to shorten their practice.
161	vital	adjective Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: vital is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Oxygen is vital for human survival.
162	representative	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: representative is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Our representative presented the neighborhood's concerns at the meeting.
163	concentrate	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: concentrate is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	I can concentrate better in a quiet room.
164	encounter	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: encounter is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Hikers may encounter deer near the meadow at dawn.
165	preserve	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: preserve is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	The archive works to preserve letters from the town's founders.
166	error	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: error is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Reading the scale from an angle can introduce error.
167	practical	adjective Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: practical is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	The committee chose a practical repair it could afford.
168	belief	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: belief is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Freedom of conscience protects each person's belief.
169	relieve	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: relieve is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	A clear sign can relieve a traveler's confusion.
170	laboratory	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: laboratory is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	The samples remained sealed until they reached the laboratory.
171	distract	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: distract is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Loud music can distract me while I read.
172	assess	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: assess is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Engineers assess the bridge before recommending repairs.
173	generate	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: generate is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	The rooftop panels generate electricity on sunny days.
174	reasoning	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: reasoning is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	The answer is correct, but its reasoning needs clearer steps.
175	phenomenon	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: phenomenon is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	Reviewed Cantonese equivalent not yet available.	Bioluminescence is a natural phenomenon in which organisms produce light.

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About this cross-exam English set

TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, and Cambridge IGCSE English use different formats, but all require learners to understand precise vocabulary in context. TOEFL and IELTS emphasize academic reading and communication; TOEIC emphasizes workplace and everyday communication; IGCSE English asks students to interpret, analyze, and communicate through school-level texts and tasks. This combined set concentrates on useful language that can transfer across those pathways.

The ordering is evidence-led rather than alphabetical. Words found in official public specimen materials—especially words occurring across more than one programme—receive the strongest ranking. Because a limited specimen corpus cannot provide 1,600 distinct reliable teaching headwords, the remainder is transparently bridged from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 vocabulary using general English frequency and a fixed part-of-speech balance. This is an independent study resource, not an official product of any testing organization.

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