English Vocabulary · Cross-exam Academic English Beta
TOEFL · TOEIC · IELTS · IGCSE Vocabulary
This 1,600-word beta set supports learners preparing for TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, and Cambridge IGCSE English. Official specimen papers supply the primary occurrence evidence, so words shared across several programmes rise toward the beginning of the list. Overlap with school-grade, SAT, and GRE vocabulary is intentional because the same academic English serves several learning pathways.
A limited public specimen corpus does not contain 1,600 distinct, reliable teaching headwords. The remaining places therefore bridge from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 curricula using general English frequency and a fixed balance of nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs. Every row reuses a reviewed meaning, complete example sentence, word-study note, and dictionary-style equivalents in all launch languages. The first release includes five cloze questions per page; reading workshops will be added only after their English passages and translations are separately reviewed.
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| # | Word | Details | Meaning | Sample sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1191 | dissolve | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: dissolve is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. растворя́ть 2. раствори́ть | Salt will dissolve more quickly in warm water. |
| 1192 | prevention | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -tion commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | профила́ктика | Vaccination is an important form of disease prevention. |
| 1193 | socialism | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ism often names a belief, system, movement, or practice. | 1. социали́зм 2. социализм | The party promoted democratic socialism through elections. |
| 1194 | metric | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: metric is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | метри́ческий | The metric unit for liquid volume is the liter. |
| 1195 | geometry | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: geometry is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. геоме́трия 2. геометрия | Geometry helps architects calculate angles and areas. |
| 1196 | credibility | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ibility forms a noun for the capacity to have a quality or perform an action. | достове́рность | Citations and transparent methods increase a report's credibility. |
| 1197 | unanimous | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ous commonly forms an adjective meaning full of or characterized by. | 1. единогла́сный 2. единоду́шный | The jury reached a unanimous decision. |
| 1198 | sensory | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: sensory is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | чувство | Sensory details describe the bread's warm scent and crisp crust. |
| 1199 | rigorous | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ous commonly forms an adjective meaning full of or characterized by. | 1. скрупулёзный 2. стро́гий 3. то́чный | The medicine passed a rigorous series of safety tests. |
| 1200 | avalanche | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: avalanche is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. лави́на 2. лавина | The avalanche blocked the road through the mountain pass. |
| 1201 | shabby | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: shabby is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. ве́тхий 2. убо́гий 3. жа́лкий | Fresh paint improved the shabby wooden fence. |
| 1202 | unstable | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -able means capable of, suitable for, or worthy of an action. | неусто́йчивый | The cracked slope became unstable after heavy rain. |
| 1203 | surplus | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: surplus is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | профици́т | A food surplus allowed some workers to specialize in other trades. |
| 1204 | renaissance | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ance commonly forms a noun naming an action, quality, or state. | возрожде́ние | The Harlem Renaissance transformed American literature, music, and art. |
| 1205 | consult | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: consult is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | консульти́роваться | The builders consult an engineer before altering the support beam. |
| 1206 | scope | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: scope is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. масшта́б 2. преде́л 3. разма́х | The paper narrows its scope to public transportation in three coastal cities. |
| 1207 | acquisition | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ition commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | приобрете́ние | Regular conversation supports the acquisition of a new language. |
| 1208 | prosecution | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -tion commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | обвине́ние | The prosecution introduced evidence connecting the suspect to the theft. |
| 1209 | nonprofit | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Prefix focus: non- means not or without. | некомме́рческая организа́ция | The nonprofit restored the historic theater. |
| 1210 | lethal | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: lethal is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. смерте́льный 2. смертоно́сный 3. лета́льный | Even a small dose of the chemical can be lethal to fish. |
| 1211 | judiciary | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: judiciary is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | суде́бная власть | An independent judiciary can limit abuses of power. |
| 1212 | hardy | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: hardy is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. закалённый 2. выно́сливый 3. морозоусто́йчивый | The hardy shrub survives cold winds and poor soil. |
| 1213 | correlation | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | 1. корреля́ция 2. корреляция 3. взаимозависимость | A correlation does not by itself prove that one variable causes the other. |
| 1214 | tangible | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ible means capable of, suitable for, or able to be affected. | поня́тный | The repaired roof was tangible evidence of the volunteers' work. |
| 1215 | inventive | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ive commonly forms an adjective meaning having a quality or tendency. | 1. изобрета́тельный 2. нахо́дчивый | The inventive student designed a rain catcher from bottles. |
| 1216 | orientation | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | 1. ориентиро́вка 2. ориенти́рование | A reflection reverses a polygon's orientation. |
| 1217 | exceptional | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: exceptional is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. исключи́тельный 2. исключительный | Her exceptional memory allowed her to recite the entire speech. |
| 1218 | recession | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -sion commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | 1. спад 2. реце́ссия | During the recession, many businesses reduced hiring. |
| 1219 | mock | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: mock is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. имити́ровать 2. подража́ть | The bullies mock the new student's accent until a friend intervenes. |
| 1220 | censorship | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: censorship is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. цензу́ра 2. цензура | Government censorship prevented the newspaper from reporting the protest. |
| 1221 | satire | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: satire is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. сати́ра 2. сатира | The play uses satire to expose the mayor's vanity. |
| 1222 | posture | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: posture is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. по́за 2. оса́нка | Good posture keeps the screen near eye level and the shoulders relaxed. |
| 1223 | wavelength | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: wavelength is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. длина́ волны́ 2. волна́ 3. длина волны | Red light has a longer wavelength than violet light. |
| 1224 | thunderstorm | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: thunderstorm is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. гроза́ 2. бу́ря 3. гроза | The thunderstorm moved east before midnight. |
| 1225 | echo | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: echo is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. э́хо 2. отголо́сок 3. о́тзвук | The shout returned as an echo from the canyon wall. |
Vocabulary reading and practice
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About this cross-exam English set
TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, and Cambridge IGCSE English use different formats, but all require learners to understand precise vocabulary in context. TOEFL and IELTS emphasize academic reading and communication; TOEIC emphasizes workplace and everyday communication; IGCSE English asks students to interpret, analyze, and communicate through school-level texts and tasks. This combined set concentrates on useful language that can transfer across those pathways.
The ordering is evidence-led rather than alphabetical. Words found in official public specimen materials—especially words occurring across more than one programme—receive the strongest ranking. Because a limited specimen corpus cannot provide 1,600 distinct reliable teaching headwords, the remainder is transparently bridged from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 vocabulary using general English frequency and a fixed part-of-speech balance. This is an independent study resource, not an official product of any testing organization.
A limited public specimen corpus does not contain 1,600 distinct, reliable teaching headwords. The remaining places therefore bridge from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 curricula using general English frequency and a fixed balance of nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs. Every row reuses a reviewed meaning, complete example sentence, word-study note, and dictionary-style equivalents in all launch languages. The first release includes five cloze questions per page; reading workshops will be added only after their English passages and translations are separately reviewed.
Sources and curriculum references
These references guide selection and calibration. Definitions, sample sentences, readings, questions, and teaching notes are independently written and reviewed.
- ETS: TOEFL iBT Full-Length Practice Test 1
- ETS: TOEFL iBT Full-Length Practice Test 2
- ETS: TOEIC Listening and Reading Sample Test
- IELTS: Academic Reading Sample Tasks 2023
- Cambridge IGCSE First Language English 0500/01 2027 Specimen Paper
- Cambridge IGCSE First Language English 0500/01 2027 Specimen Insert
- Cambridge IGCSE English as a Second Language 0510/01 2019 Specimen Paper
- WikDict downloadable bilingual dictionaries
- Kaikki.org / Wiktextract machine-readable Wiktionary data
- Language-Learning-decks public flashcard datasets
- SBBIC English-to-Khmer Dictionary
- English–Khmer Dictionary Dataset (machine-generated Khmer fallback; human review required)
- PanLex meanings snapshot (direct CC0 gap candidates; human review required)
- Cambridge bilingual dictionaries (individual editorial sense checks)
- Collins English–Hindi Dictionary (individual editorial checks)
- Hindwi and Rekhta dictionaries (individual Hindi/Urdu checks)
- National Institute of Korean Language: Basic Korean Dictionary
- JMdict/EDRDG Japanese dictionary project
- CC-CEDICT Chinese dictionary project
- VDict Vietnamese Dictionary (individual editorial check)
- Google Translate (machine-assisted lesson-reading draft; fluent review required)
- Kuperman et al.: Age-of-acquisition ratings for 30,000 English words