English Vocabulary · Cross-exam Academic English Beta
TOEFL · TOEIC · IELTS · IGCSE Vocabulary
This 1,600-word beta set supports learners preparing for TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, and Cambridge IGCSE English. Official specimen papers supply the primary occurrence evidence, so words shared across several programmes rise toward the beginning of the list. Overlap with school-grade, SAT, and GRE vocabulary is intentional because the same academic English serves several learning pathways.
A limited public specimen corpus does not contain 1,600 distinct, reliable teaching headwords. The remaining places therefore bridge from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 curricula using general English frequency and a fixed balance of nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs. Every row reuses a reviewed meaning, complete example sentence, word-study note, and dictionary-style equivalents in all launch languages. The first release includes five cloze questions per page; reading workshops will be added only after their English passages and translations are separately reviewed.
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| # | Word | Details | Meaning | Sample sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 386 | status | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: status is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. положе́ние 2. состоя́ние 3. ста́тус | The tracking page shows the delivery status of each package. |
| 387 | contrast | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: contrast is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. противопоста́вить 2. противопоставля́ть | The essay will contrast life in a village with life in a large city. |
| 388 | atmosphere | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: atmosphere is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. атмосфе́ра 2. атмосфера | Earth's atmosphere contains the oxygen people breathe. |
| 389 | square | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: square is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | прямоуго́льный | The square has both rectangle and rhombus properties. |
| 390 | muscle | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: muscle is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. мы́шца 2. му́скул 3. мышца | The heart is a powerful muscle. |
| 391 | confident | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: confident is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | уве́ренный | After rehearsing, Amir felt confident about giving his speech. |
| 392 | gradually | adverb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ly commonly forms an adverb describing how an action occurs. | 1. постепе́нно 2. постепенно | The sky gradually brightened before sunrise. |
| 393 | bitter | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: bitter is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. го́рький 2. злой 3. озло́бленный | The raw cocoa tasted bitter without sugar. |
| 394 | decline | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: decline is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | ослабевать | The frog population may decline if the pond dries up. |
| 395 | generous | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ous commonly forms an adjective meaning full of or characterized by. | 1. ще́дрый 2. щедрый | A generous neighbor donated books to the new library. |
| 396 | bronze | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: bronze is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. бро́нзовый 2. бро́нза 3. бронза | The museum displayed a small statue made of bronze. |
| 397 | resolution | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -tion commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | ана́лиз | In the resolution, the neighbors rebuild the damaged garden together. |
| 398 | citizen | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: citizen is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. граждани́н 2. гражда́нка 3. по́дданный | Every citizen may contact elected representatives. |
| 399 | proceed | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: proceed is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. изойти́ 2. исходи́ть 3. произойти́ | When the light turns green, cyclists may proceed across the bridge. |
| 400 | setting | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: setting is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. обстано́вка 2. настройка 3. контекст | The isolated lighthouse provides a tense setting for the mystery. |
| 401 | housing | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: housing is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | жильё | Rising rents created a shortage of affordable housing. |
| 402 | agriculture | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: agriculture is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. се́льское хозя́йство 2. земле́делие 3. агрокульту́ра | Agriculture provides food and materials for communities. |
| 403 | expand | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: expand is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. растя́гивать 2. расширя́ть 3. растя́гиваться | The writer will expand the final paragraph with another example. |
| 404 | degree | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: degree is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | градус | The polynomial 2x⁴ – x has degree four. |
| 405 | stock | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: stock is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. а́кция 2. це́нная бума́га 3. фо́нды | Buying one stock gives an investor a small ownership stake in the company. |
| 406 | flexible | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ible means capable of, suitable for, or able to be affected. | 1. ги́бкий 2. гибкий | The flexible branch bent beneath the snow. |
| 407 | transfer | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: transfer is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. переноси́ть 2. перенести́ | The cable can transfer the photographs to a computer. |
| 408 | recover | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: recover is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. выздора́вливать 2. вы́здороветь 3. поправля́ться | The injured bird may recover after several weeks of care. |
| 409 | invisible | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ible means capable of, suitable for, or able to be affected. | 1. неви́димый 2. незри́мый 3. невидимый | Air is invisible, but we can feel it moving. |
| 410 | agency | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: agency is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. аге́нтство 2. о́рган | The environmental agency monitors air pollution. |
| 411 | overcome | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: overcome is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. преодоле́ть 2. преодолева́ть | With practice, Jayla began to overcome her fear of speaking. |
| 412 | subway | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: subway is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. метро́ 2. метрополите́н 3. подзе́мка | We took the subway beneath the crowded streets. |
| 413 | shallow | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: shallow is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. ме́лкий 2. неглубо́кий 3. пове́рхностный | Tiny fish gathered in the shallow water near the shore. |
| 414 | obvious | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ous commonly forms an adjective meaning full of or characterized by. | очеви́дный | The missing wheel was the most obvious problem. |
| 415 | expense | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: expense is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | расхо́д | Rent was the family's largest monthly expense. |
| 416 | eager | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: eager is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. стра́стно/си́льно жела́ющий 2. жа́ждущий 3. нетерпели́вый | The eager campers unpacked their tents quickly. |
| 417 | identical | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: identical is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | тожде́ственный | The two keys looked identical, but only one opened the door. |
| 418 | random | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: random is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. неуме́стный 2. пе́рвый попа́вшийся 3. произво́льный | A random sample reduces the influence of personal choice. |
| 419 | plot | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: plot is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. сюже́т 2. фа́була | The plot changes direction when the missing map is discovered. |
| 420 | pace | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: pace is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. задава́ть темп 2. шаг | Short sentences quicken the pace of the chase scene. |
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About this cross-exam English set
TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, and Cambridge IGCSE English use different formats, but all require learners to understand precise vocabulary in context. TOEFL and IELTS emphasize academic reading and communication; TOEIC emphasizes workplace and everyday communication; IGCSE English asks students to interpret, analyze, and communicate through school-level texts and tasks. This combined set concentrates on useful language that can transfer across those pathways.
The ordering is evidence-led rather than alphabetical. Words found in official public specimen materials—especially words occurring across more than one programme—receive the strongest ranking. Because a limited specimen corpus cannot provide 1,600 distinct reliable teaching headwords, the remainder is transparently bridged from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 vocabulary using general English frequency and a fixed part-of-speech balance. This is an independent study resource, not an official product of any testing organization.
A limited public specimen corpus does not contain 1,600 distinct, reliable teaching headwords. The remaining places therefore bridge from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 curricula using general English frequency and a fixed balance of nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs. Every row reuses a reviewed meaning, complete example sentence, word-study note, and dictionary-style equivalents in all launch languages. The first release includes five cloze questions per page; reading workshops will be added only after their English passages and translations are separately reviewed.
Sources and curriculum references
These references guide selection and calibration. Definitions, sample sentences, readings, questions, and teaching notes are independently written and reviewed.
- ETS: TOEFL iBT Full-Length Practice Test 1
- ETS: TOEFL iBT Full-Length Practice Test 2
- ETS: TOEIC Listening and Reading Sample Test
- IELTS: Academic Reading Sample Tasks 2023
- Cambridge IGCSE First Language English 0500/01 2027 Specimen Paper
- Cambridge IGCSE First Language English 0500/01 2027 Specimen Insert
- Cambridge IGCSE English as a Second Language 0510/01 2019 Specimen Paper
- WikDict downloadable bilingual dictionaries
- Kaikki.org / Wiktextract machine-readable Wiktionary data
- Language-Learning-decks public flashcard datasets
- SBBIC English-to-Khmer Dictionary
- English–Khmer Dictionary Dataset (machine-generated Khmer fallback; human review required)
- PanLex meanings snapshot (direct CC0 gap candidates; human review required)
- Cambridge bilingual dictionaries (individual editorial sense checks)
- Collins English–Hindi Dictionary (individual editorial checks)
- Hindwi and Rekhta dictionaries (individual Hindi/Urdu checks)
- National Institute of Korean Language: Basic Korean Dictionary
- JMdict/EDRDG Japanese dictionary project
- CC-CEDICT Chinese dictionary project
- VDict Vietnamese Dictionary (individual editorial check)
- Google Translate (machine-assisted lesson-reading draft; fluent review required)
- Kuperman et al.: Age-of-acquisition ratings for 30,000 English words