English Vocabulary · Cross-exam Academic English Beta
TOEFL · TOEIC · IELTS · IGCSE Vocabulary
This 1,600-word beta set supports learners preparing for TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, and Cambridge IGCSE English. Official specimen papers supply the primary occurrence evidence, so words shared across several programmes rise toward the beginning of the list. Overlap with school-grade, SAT, and GRE vocabulary is intentional because the same academic English serves several learning pathways.
A limited public specimen corpus does not contain 1,600 distinct, reliable teaching headwords. The remaining places therefore bridge from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 curricula using general English frequency and a fixed balance of nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs. Every row reuses a reviewed meaning, complete example sentence, word-study note, and dictionary-style equivalents in all launch languages. The first release includes five cloze questions per page; reading workshops will be added only after their English passages and translations are separately reviewed.
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| # | Word | Details | Meaning | Sample sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1506 | transparency | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: transparency is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 투명 | Publishing meeting records increases government transparency. |
| 1507 | coordination | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | 1. 조정 2. 협력 | Emergency coordination prevented two rescue teams from searching the same area. |
| 1508 | accountable | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -able means capable of, suitable for, or worthy of an action. | 책임이 있는 | Elected officials are accountable to the public. |
| 1509 | millennium | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: millennium is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 천년(千年) 2. 천년기(千年紀) 3. 밀레니엄 | The temple has stood for nearly a millennium. |
| 1510 | deploy | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: deploy is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 배치하다 | Firefighters deploy portable pumps along the flooded street. |
| 1511 | microscope | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Prefix focus: micro- means small. | 1. 현미경(顯微鏡) 2. 현미경 | The microscope revealed cell walls in the onion tissue. |
| 1512 | aspiration | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | 1. 열망(熱望) 2. 염원(念願) 3. 포부(抱負) | Her aspiration is to design affordable medical equipment. |
| 1513 | flimsy | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: flimsy is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 허술 | The flimsy box collapsed under the heavy books. |
| 1514 | radiant | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: radiant is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 복사의 2. 방사되는 | The Sun provides radiant energy to Earth. |
| 1515 | ascertain | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: ascertain is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 명백히하다 2. 알아내다 | The inspector tested the alarm to ascertain whether it worked. |
| 1516 | emigrate | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: emigrate is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 이주하다 | Her grandparents chose to emigrate during a time of war. |
| 1517 | leverage | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: leverage is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 활용하다 2. 지렛대로 삼다 | The town will leverage its rail connection to attract new businesses. |
| 1518 | resourceful | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: resourceful is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 수완이 풍부한 | The resourceful campers repaired the strap with cord and tape. |
| 1519 | pry | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: pry is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 비집어 열다 2. 지렛대로 열다 | We used a flat tool to pry the lid from the paint can. |
| 1520 | systematic | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: systematic is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 체계적인 | The researchers conducted a systematic search of every archive. |
| 1521 | visualize | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ize commonly forms a verb meaning to make, become, or apply. | 시각화하다 | Sensory details help readers visualize the crowded harbor. |
| 1522 | impulsive | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ive commonly forms an adjective meaning having a quality or tendency. | 충동적인 | His impulsive decision to jump from the boat created danger. |
| 1523 | dire | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: dire is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 심각한 2. 절박한 | The clinic faced a dire shortage of clean water. |
| 1524 | despicable | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -able means capable of, suitable for, or worthy of an action. | 1. 비열한 2. 경멸스러운 | Stealing emergency supplies was a despicable act. |
| 1525 | intervene | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: intervene is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 개입하다 | A mediator may intervene before the disagreement becomes violent. |
| 1526 | audible | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: audible is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 들리는 | The speaker's final words were barely audible. |
| 1527 | geologic | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: geologic is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 지질의 | Fossils reveal changes across geologic time. |
| 1528 | commend | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: commend is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 기리다 | The principal will commend the students who organized the food drive. |
| 1529 | dub | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: dub is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. ~라고 부르다 2. 별명을 붙이다 | Reporters dub the rescued owl “Lucky” after its recovery. |
| 1530 | intimidated | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: intimidated is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 겁에 질린 | The new speaker felt intimidated by the enormous audience. |
| 1531 | liberate | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: liberate is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 해방(解放)하다 | The rescue team worked to liberate the animal from the net. |
| 1532 | smirk | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: smirk is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 능글맞게 웃다 | The bully began to smirk after hiding the missing notebook. |
| 1533 | organizational | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: organizational is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 조직적인 | Clear organizational roles reduced duplicated work. |
| 1534 | differential | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: differential is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 차이에 따른 2. 차등의 | A pressure differential moves air through the vent. |
| 1535 | diagnostic | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: diagnostic is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 진단의 2. 진단용 | The mechanic ran a diagnostic test on the engine. |
| 1536 | summarize | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ize commonly forms a verb meaning to make, become, or apply. | 요약하다 | At the end, summarize the article in two or three sentences. |
| 1537 | discern | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: discern is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 인지하다 | Careful readers discern the difference between evidence and opinion. |
| 1538 | humane | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: humane is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 인도적(人道的) | The shelter follows humane practices when caring for injured wildlife. |
| 1539 | signify | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ify commonly forms a verb meaning to make or become. | 의미하다 | A flashing red light may signify that the battery is low. |
| 1540 | reciprocal | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: reciprocal is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 상호적인 2. 호혜적인 | The neighboring schools formed a reciprocal agreement to share equipment. |
Vocabulary reading and practice
Page 44 vocabulary review
Review five selected words from page 44.
English reading
Reading passage is being prepared.
Korean translation
A reviewed translation is not available for this passage yet.
Vocabulary quiz
Choose the dictionary equivalent for each of 5 selected words.
Vocabulary chart page
This page focuses on the word chart. Reading passages appear once in each three-page group, while cloze quizzes remain in the established enhanced range for this level.
About this cross-exam English set
TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, and Cambridge IGCSE English use different formats, but all require learners to understand precise vocabulary in context. TOEFL and IELTS emphasize academic reading and communication; TOEIC emphasizes workplace and everyday communication; IGCSE English asks students to interpret, analyze, and communicate through school-level texts and tasks. This combined set concentrates on useful language that can transfer across those pathways.
The ordering is evidence-led rather than alphabetical. Words found in official public specimen materials—especially words occurring across more than one programme—receive the strongest ranking. Because a limited specimen corpus cannot provide 1,600 distinct reliable teaching headwords, the remainder is transparently bridged from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 vocabulary using general English frequency and a fixed part-of-speech balance. This is an independent study resource, not an official product of any testing organization.
A limited public specimen corpus does not contain 1,600 distinct, reliable teaching headwords. The remaining places therefore bridge from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 curricula using general English frequency and a fixed balance of nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs. Every row reuses a reviewed meaning, complete example sentence, word-study note, and dictionary-style equivalents in all launch languages. The first release includes five cloze questions per page; reading workshops will be added only after their English passages and translations are separately reviewed.
Sources and curriculum references
These references guide selection and calibration. Definitions, sample sentences, readings, questions, and teaching notes are independently written and reviewed.
- ETS: TOEFL iBT Full-Length Practice Test 1
- ETS: TOEFL iBT Full-Length Practice Test 2
- ETS: TOEIC Listening and Reading Sample Test
- IELTS: Academic Reading Sample Tasks 2023
- Cambridge IGCSE First Language English 0500/01 2027 Specimen Paper
- Cambridge IGCSE First Language English 0500/01 2027 Specimen Insert
- Cambridge IGCSE English as a Second Language 0510/01 2019 Specimen Paper
- WikDict downloadable bilingual dictionaries
- Kaikki.org / Wiktextract machine-readable Wiktionary data
- Language-Learning-decks public flashcard datasets
- SBBIC English-to-Khmer Dictionary
- English–Khmer Dictionary Dataset (machine-generated Khmer fallback; human review required)
- PanLex meanings snapshot (direct CC0 gap candidates; human review required)
- Cambridge bilingual dictionaries (individual editorial sense checks)
- Collins English–Hindi Dictionary (individual editorial checks)
- Hindwi and Rekhta dictionaries (individual Hindi/Urdu checks)
- National Institute of Korean Language: Basic Korean Dictionary
- JMdict/EDRDG Japanese dictionary project
- CC-CEDICT Chinese dictionary project
- VDict Vietnamese Dictionary (individual editorial check)
- Google Translate (machine-assisted lesson-reading draft; fluent review required)
- Kuperman et al.: Age-of-acquisition ratings for 30,000 English words