English Vocabulary · Cross-exam Academic English Beta
TOEFL · TOEIC · IELTS · IGCSE Vocabulary
This 1,600-word beta set supports learners preparing for TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, and Cambridge IGCSE English. Official specimen papers supply the primary occurrence evidence, so words shared across several programmes rise toward the beginning of the list. Overlap with school-grade, SAT, and GRE vocabulary is intentional because the same academic English serves several learning pathways.
A limited public specimen corpus does not contain 1,600 distinct, reliable teaching headwords. The remaining places therefore bridge from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 curricula using general English frequency and a fixed balance of nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs. Every row reuses a reviewed meaning, complete example sentence, word-study note, and dictionary-style equivalents in all launch languages. The first release includes five cloze questions per page; reading workshops will be added only after their English passages and translations are separately reviewed.
Open the basic text version — works without JavaScript and is suitable for printing.
Your private study tools
Track your learning with My Vocabulary
Use the three small controls beside any word. Your choices stay attached to your account and appear in your My Vocabulary record.
- Star a difficult word to practise it again.
- Check a word when you have learned it.
- Add a note with a memory clue, synonym, or reminder.
These controls work during your free visits and save privately on this browser. Sign in to move them into your account’s My Vocabulary record.
| # | Word | Details | Meaning | Sample sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 316 | participation | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | 1. 참가(參加) 2. 참여 3. 참가 | Online access increased participation in the public hearing. |
| 317 | sensor | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: sensor is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 센서 2. 감지기 | A light sensor turns the lamp on at dusk. |
| 318 | abolish | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: abolish is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 없애다 | The town voted to abolish the outdated parking rule. |
| 319 | compose | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: compose is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 작곡하다 2. 짓다 | Jada will compose a short melody for the school play. |
| 320 | genetics | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: genetics is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 유전학 | Genetics can help explain why related plants share certain features. |
| 321 | significance | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ance commonly forms a noun naming an action, quality, or state. | 1. 의미(意味) 2. 의미 3. 의의 | The essay explains the significance of the broken watch in the final scene. |
| 322 | wellness | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ness forms a noun naming a quality or state. | 1. 웰니스 2. 건강한 상태 | Regular movement and sufficient sleep support overall wellness. |
| 323 | recycle | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: recycle is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 재활용하다 | The factory can recycle old glass into new bottles. |
| 324 | inspection | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -tion commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | 1. 검사 2. 검정 3. 점검 | A bridge inspection found corrosion beneath the road surface. |
| 325 | ethnicity | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ity commonly forms a noun naming a quality, state, or condition. | 1. 민족성 2. 민족적 배경 | The census asks about ethnicity separately from citizenship. |
| 326 | gravitational | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: gravitational is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 중력의 | The moon's gravitational pull contributes to ocean tides. |
| 327 | turbine | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: turbine is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 터빈 | Steam spins the turbine inside the power plant. |
| 328 | align | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: align is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 맞추다 | The revised budget must align with the council's stated priorities. |
| 329 | courteous | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ous commonly forms an adjective meaning full of or characterized by. | 예의 바른 | The courteous visitor waited until the speaker finished. |
| 330 | proximity | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ity commonly forms a noun naming a quality, state, or condition. | 1. 근접 2. 인접 3. 니어 | The garden's proximity to the river makes flooding possible. |
| 331 | digestive | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ive commonly forms an adjective meaning having a quality or tendency. | 1. 소화의 2. 소화와 관련된 | The digestive system begins processing food in the mouth. |
| 332 | pivotal | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: pivotal is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 중추적인 2. 결정적인 | The witness's photograph played a pivotal role in the investigation. |
| 333 | neutron | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: neutron is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 중성자(中性子) 2. 중성자 | A neutron adds mass to an atom without adding electric charge. |
| 334 | propel | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: propel is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 추진하다 | Expelled air can propel the balloon across the room. |
| 335 | interrogate | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: interrogate is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 비판적으로 검토하다 2. 면밀히 따져 보다 | Critical readers interrogate the article's assumptions and missing evidence. |
| 336 | excavate | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: excavate is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 파다 | Archaeologists excavate the site with small tools and brushes. |
| 337 | property | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: property is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 재산(財産) 2. 자산(資産) 3. 소유물(所有物) | The bicycle is my property, so I keep it locked. |
| 338 | trade | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: trade is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 교환(交換) 2. 트레이드 3. 무역 | River routes allowed trade between distant communities. |
| 339 | lack | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: lack is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 부족 2. 결핍 3. 결여 | A lack of rain caused the pond to shrink. |
| 340 | agreement | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ment commonly forms a noun for an action, process, state, or result. | 1. 약정 2. 계약 3. 동의 | The neighbors reached an agreement to share the garden. |
| 341 | record | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: record is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 기록 2. 기록 자료 | The ship's log provides a record of the entire voyage. |
| 342 | basis | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: basis is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 기초 2. 바탕 3. 근거 | Fairness was the basis of the new playground rule. |
| 343 | society | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: society is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 사회 | Trade shaped the society that developed around the harbor. |
| 344 | independent | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: independent is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 독립적인 2. 자립적인 | The independent researcher planned and completed her own investigation. |
| 345 | style | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: style is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 문체 2. 스타일 | The author's style combines short dialogue with vivid description. |
| 346 | trial | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: trial is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 시련 | Surviving three nights in the storm was a severe trial. |
| 347 | appropriate | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: appropriate is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 적절하다 2. 적당하다 3. 알맞다 | Warm boots are appropriate for a snowy hike. |
| 348 | concern | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: concern is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 걱정 2. 염려 3. 우려 | Water safety is a serious concern during the storm. |
| 349 | numerous | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ous commonly forms an adjective meaning full of or characterized by. | 1. 많다 2. 수두룩하다 3. 숱하다 | Numerous footprints crossed the muddy bank. |
| 350 | campaign | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: campaign is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 캠페인 2. 운동 | The recycling campaign reduced waste at the stadium. |
Vocabulary reading and practice
Page 10 vocabulary review
Review five selected words from page 10.
English reading
Reading passage is being prepared.
Korean translation
A reviewed translation is not available for this passage yet.
Vocabulary quiz
Choose the dictionary equivalent for each of 5 selected words.
Vocabulary chart page
This page focuses on the word chart. Reading passages appear once in each three-page group, while cloze quizzes remain in the established enhanced range for this level.
About this cross-exam English set
TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, and Cambridge IGCSE English use different formats, but all require learners to understand precise vocabulary in context. TOEFL and IELTS emphasize academic reading and communication; TOEIC emphasizes workplace and everyday communication; IGCSE English asks students to interpret, analyze, and communicate through school-level texts and tasks. This combined set concentrates on useful language that can transfer across those pathways.
The ordering is evidence-led rather than alphabetical. Words found in official public specimen materials—especially words occurring across more than one programme—receive the strongest ranking. Because a limited specimen corpus cannot provide 1,600 distinct reliable teaching headwords, the remainder is transparently bridged from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 vocabulary using general English frequency and a fixed part-of-speech balance. This is an independent study resource, not an official product of any testing organization.
A limited public specimen corpus does not contain 1,600 distinct, reliable teaching headwords. The remaining places therefore bridge from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 curricula using general English frequency and a fixed balance of nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs. Every row reuses a reviewed meaning, complete example sentence, word-study note, and dictionary-style equivalents in all launch languages. The first release includes five cloze questions per page; reading workshops will be added only after their English passages and translations are separately reviewed.
Sources and curriculum references
These references guide selection and calibration. Definitions, sample sentences, readings, questions, and teaching notes are independently written and reviewed.
- ETS: TOEFL iBT Full-Length Practice Test 1
- ETS: TOEFL iBT Full-Length Practice Test 2
- ETS: TOEIC Listening and Reading Sample Test
- IELTS: Academic Reading Sample Tasks 2023
- Cambridge IGCSE First Language English 0500/01 2027 Specimen Paper
- Cambridge IGCSE First Language English 0500/01 2027 Specimen Insert
- Cambridge IGCSE English as a Second Language 0510/01 2019 Specimen Paper
- WikDict downloadable bilingual dictionaries
- Kaikki.org / Wiktextract machine-readable Wiktionary data
- Language-Learning-decks public flashcard datasets
- SBBIC English-to-Khmer Dictionary
- English–Khmer Dictionary Dataset (machine-generated Khmer fallback; human review required)
- PanLex meanings snapshot (direct CC0 gap candidates; human review required)
- Cambridge bilingual dictionaries (individual editorial sense checks)
- Collins English–Hindi Dictionary (individual editorial checks)
- Hindwi and Rekhta dictionaries (individual Hindi/Urdu checks)
- National Institute of Korean Language: Basic Korean Dictionary
- JMdict/EDRDG Japanese dictionary project
- CC-CEDICT Chinese dictionary project
- VDict Vietnamese Dictionary (individual editorial check)
- Google Translate (machine-assisted lesson-reading draft; fluent review required)
- Kuperman et al.: Age-of-acquisition ratings for 30,000 English words