English Vocabulary · Cross-exam Academic English Beta

TOEFL · TOEIC · IELTS · IGCSE Vocabulary

This 1,600-word beta set supports learners preparing for TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, and Cambridge IGCSE English. Official specimen papers supply the primary occurrence evidence, so words shared across several programmes rise toward the beginning of the list. Overlap with school-grade, SAT, and GRE vocabulary is intentional because the same academic English serves several learning pathways.

A limited public specimen corpus does not contain 1,600 distinct, reliable teaching headwords. The remaining places therefore bridge from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 curricula using general English frequency and a fixed balance of nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs. Every row reuses a reviewed meaning, complete example sentence, word-study note, and dictionary-style equivalents in all launch languages. The first release includes five cloze questions per page; reading workshops will be added only after their English passages and translations are separately reviewed.

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Words 736–770 of 1600
#	Word	Details	Meaning	Sample sentence
736	loyalty	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: loyalty is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. lojaalius 2. uskollisuus	The guide praised the dog's loyalty to its owner.
737	frontier	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: frontier is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. raja 2. rajamaa 3. rajaseutu	The novel follows a family traveling across the western frontier.
738	manufacturing	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: manufacturing is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	valmistus	Automobile manufacturing supports many related industries.
739	privacy	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: privacy is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. rauha 2. yksityisyys	Check the privacy settings before sharing a photograph.
740	objective	adjective Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ive commonly forms an adjective meaning having a quality or tendency.	1. objektiivinen 2. totuudenmukainen 3. tosi	An objective review discusses both the strengths and weaknesses of the book.
741	logic	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: logic is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	logiikka	The detective used logic to eliminate impossible explanations.
742	realistic	adjective Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: realistic is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. realistinen 2. todenmukainen	The artist painted a realistic portrait of the old fisherman.
743	legislature	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: legislature is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	lainsäädäntöelin	The state legislature debated the education bill.
744	exhibit	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: exhibit is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. esittely 2. esitellä	The museum will exhibit tools from the early settlement.
745	determination	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result.	1. päätös 2. lopputulos 3. lopettaminen	Her determination helped her finish the steep climb.
746	maritime	adjective Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: maritime is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	merellinen	The coastal museum displays maritime tools and maps.
747	countless	adjective Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: countless is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. lukematon 2. rajaton	Countless stars filled the dark desert sky.
748	circular	adjective Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: circular is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. ympyrä- 2. ympyrä	We followed a circular path around the pond.
749	earthquake	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: earthquake is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	maanjäristys	The earthquake damaged buildings near the fault.
750	judicial	adjective Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: judicial is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	oikeudellinen	The judicial branch decides how laws apply to cases.
751	transmission	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -sion commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result.	1. lähetys 2. lähettäminen 3. siirto	Clean water systems reduce the transmission of several diseases.
752	prominent	adjective Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: prominent is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. huomattava 2. merkittävä	A prominent ridge rises above the valley.
753	companion	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: companion is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. toveri 2. seuralainen 3. kumppani	The guide's faithful dog was his companion on every hike.
754	impress	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: impress is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	painaa	The dancer's balance will impress the judges.
755	principal	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: principal is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. rehtori 2. johtajaopettaja	The principal character must decide whether to reveal the secret.
756	fantasy	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: fantasy is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. fantasia 2. fantasiakirjallisuus	The fantasy imagines a library whose books can speak.
757	delta	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: delta is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. suisto 2. delta	The river formed a fertile delta beside the sea.
758	colony	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: colony is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. siirtomaa 2. siirtokunta	The distant colony sent raw materials to the ruling nation.
759	runway	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: runway is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. kiitotie 2. kiitorata	The airplane waited at the end of the runway.
760	wealth	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: wealth is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. varallisuus 2. rikkaus 3. rikkaudet	Trade created wealth for the port but did not benefit every resident equally.
761	trend	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: trend is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. suuntaus 2. kehityssuunta 3. trendi	The graph shows an upward trend in average temperature.
762	comedy	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: comedy is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	komedia	The comedy turns a series of mistaken identities into a joyful reunion.
763	selfish	adjective Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: selfish is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. itsekäs 2. itsekeskeinen	The selfish character kept all the food for himself.
764	convert	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: convert is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. muuntaa 2. muuttaa	Solar panels convert sunlight into electrical energy.
765	convention	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -tion commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result.	1. käytäntö 2. konventio	A hidden clue is a common convention of mystery stories.
766	petition	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -tion commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result.	1. vetoomus 2. adressi 3. anomus	The petition asked the town to preserve the old theater.
767	edit	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: edit is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. muokata 2. muuttaa 3. editoida	Partners edit each other's explanations for clarity.
768	import	verb Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: import is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	1. tuoda (maa 2. tuoda (maahan)	The country must import fruit during the cold season.
769	citizenship	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: citizenship is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	kansalaisuus	Responsible citizenship includes learning about public issues.
770	spotlight	noun Study Field: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: spotlight is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	valokeila	The spotlight followed the dancer across the stage.

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About this cross-exam English set

TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, and Cambridge IGCSE English use different formats, but all require learners to understand precise vocabulary in context. TOEFL and IELTS emphasize academic reading and communication; TOEIC emphasizes workplace and everyday communication; IGCSE English asks students to interpret, analyze, and communicate through school-level texts and tasks. This combined set concentrates on useful language that can transfer across those pathways.

The ordering is evidence-led rather than alphabetical. Words found in official public specimen materials—especially words occurring across more than one programme—receive the strongest ranking. Because a limited specimen corpus cannot provide 1,600 distinct reliable teaching headwords, the remainder is transparently bridged from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 vocabulary using general English frequency and a fixed part-of-speech balance. This is an independent study resource, not an official product of any testing organization.

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