English Vocabulary · Cross-exam Academic English Beta
TOEFL · TOEIC · IELTS · IGCSE Vocabulary
This 1,600-word beta set supports learners preparing for TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, and Cambridge IGCSE English. Official specimen papers supply the primary occurrence evidence, so words shared across several programmes rise toward the beginning of the list. Overlap with school-grade, SAT, and GRE vocabulary is intentional because the same academic English serves several learning pathways.
A limited public specimen corpus does not contain 1,600 distinct, reliable teaching headwords. The remaining places therefore bridge from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 curricula using general English frequency and a fixed balance of nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs. Every row reuses a reviewed meaning, complete example sentence, word-study note, and dictionary-style equivalents in all launch languages. The first release includes five cloze questions per page; reading workshops will be added only after their English passages and translations are separately reviewed.
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| # | Word | Details | Meaning | Sample sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 736 | loyalty | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: loyalty is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | steady support for a person, group, or purpose | The guide praised the dog's loyalty to its owner. |
| 737 | frontier | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: frontier is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | the edge of settled or explored land | The novel follows a family traveling across the western frontier. |
| 738 | manufacturing | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: manufacturing is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | the large-scale production of goods using labor and machines | Automobile manufacturing supports many related industries. |
| 739 | privacy | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: privacy is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | the right or ability to control access to personal information or space | Check the privacy settings before sharing a photograph. |
| 740 | objective | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ive commonly forms an adjective meaning having a quality or tendency. | based on facts rather than personal feelings | An objective review discusses both the strengths and weaknesses of the book. |
| 741 | logic | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: logic is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | clear reasoning based on valid connections between ideas | The detective used logic to eliminate impossible explanations. |
| 742 | realistic | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: realistic is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | showing things in a believable or accurate way | The artist painted a realistic portrait of the old fisherman. |
| 743 | legislature | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: legislature is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | a group of elected people who make laws | The state legislature debated the education bill. |
| 744 | exhibit | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: exhibit is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | to show a quality, feeling, or object clearly | The museum will exhibit tools from the early settlement. |
| 745 | determination | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | a firm decision to continue despite difficulty | Her determination helped her finish the steep climb. |
| 746 | maritime | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: maritime is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | connected with the sea, sailors, or shipping | The coastal museum displays maritime tools and maps. |
| 747 | countless | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: countless is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | too many to be counted | Countless stars filled the dark desert sky. |
| 748 | circular | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: circular is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | shaped like a circle | We followed a circular path around the pond. |
| 749 | earthquake | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: earthquake is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | a sudden shaking of the ground caused by movement in Earth's crust | The earthquake damaged buildings near the fault. |
| 750 | judicial | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: judicial is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | relating to courts and the interpretation of laws | The judicial branch decides how laws apply to cases. |
| 751 | transmission | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -sion commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | the process by which something passes from one person, place, or thing to another | Clean water systems reduce the transmission of several diseases. |
| 752 | prominent | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: prominent is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | important, well known, or easy to notice | A prominent ridge rises above the valley. |
| 753 | companion | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: companion is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | a person or animal who spends time with another | The guide's faithful dog was his companion on every hike. |
| 754 | impress | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: impress is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | to cause someone to admire or respect something | The dancer's balance will impress the judges. |
| 755 | principal | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: principal is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | a leading person or the head administrator of a school | The principal character must decide whether to reveal the secret. |
| 756 | fantasy | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: fantasy is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | fiction containing magic or other impossible elements | The fantasy imagines a library whose books can speak. |
| 757 | delta | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: delta is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | an area of deposited sediment where a river divides near its mouth | The river formed a fertile delta beside the sea. |
| 758 | colony | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: colony is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | a territory controlled by people or a government from another country | The distant colony sent raw materials to the ruling nation. |
| 759 | runway | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: runway is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | a long strip where aircraft take off and land | The airplane waited at the end of the runway. |
| 760 | wealth | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: wealth is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | a large amount of valuable property or resources | Trade created wealth for the port but did not benefit every resident equally. |
| 761 | trend | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: trend is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | a general direction or pattern in data | The graph shows an upward trend in average temperature. |
| 762 | comedy | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: comedy is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | a humorous play or story that usually ends positively | The comedy turns a series of mistaken identities into a joyful reunion. |
| 763 | selfish | adjective StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: selfish is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | caring mainly about your own needs or advantage | The selfish character kept all the food for himself. |
| 764 | convert | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: convert is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | to change something into a different form or purpose | Solar panels convert sunlight into electrical energy. |
| 765 | convention | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -tion commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | an accepted feature or practice of a particular form or genre | A hidden clue is a common convention of mystery stories. |
| 766 | petition | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Suffix focus: -tion commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | a formal written request signed by supporters | The petition asked the town to preserve the old theater. |
| 767 | edit | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: edit is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | to correct and improve writing for meaning, structure, or accuracy | Partners edit each other's explanations for clarity. |
| 768 | import | verb StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: import is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | to bring goods into a country for sale | The country must import fruit during the cold season. |
| 769 | citizenship | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: citizenship is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | the status and responsibilities of belonging to a country or community | Responsible citizenship includes learning about public issues. |
| 770 | spotlight | noun StudyField: Cross-exam academic and functional English Word study: Base-form focus: spotlight is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | a strong beam of light aimed at a small area | The spotlight followed the dancer across the stage. |
Vocabulary reading and practice
Page 22 vocabulary review
Review five selected words from page 22.
English reading
Reading passage is being prepared.
Translation
Vocabulary quiz
Complete 5 review questions for this page.
1. The guide praised the dog's _____ to its owner.
Answer: loyalty
2. The museum will _____ tools from the early settlement.
Answer: exhibit
3. The guide's faithful dog was his _____ on every hike.
Answer: companion
4. The _____ turns a series of mistaken identities into a joyful reunion.
Answer: comedy
5. The _____ followed the dancer across the stage.
Answer: spotlight
Vocabulary chart page
This page focuses on the word chart. Reading passages appear once in each three-page group, while cloze quizzes remain in the established enhanced range for this level.
About this cross-exam English set
TOEFL, TOEIC, IELTS, and Cambridge IGCSE English use different formats, but all require learners to understand precise vocabulary in context. TOEFL and IELTS emphasize academic reading and communication; TOEIC emphasizes workplace and everyday communication; IGCSE English asks students to interpret, analyze, and communicate through school-level texts and tasks. This combined set concentrates on useful language that can transfer across those pathways.
The ordering is evidence-led rather than alphabetical. Words found in official public specimen materials—especially words occurring across more than one programme—receive the strongest ranking. Because a limited specimen corpus cannot provide 1,600 distinct reliable teaching headwords, the remainder is transparently bridged from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 vocabulary using general English frequency and a fixed part-of-speech balance. This is an independent study resource, not an official product of any testing organization.
A limited public specimen corpus does not contain 1,600 distinct, reliable teaching headwords. The remaining places therefore bridge from KSSR’s audited Grade 4–9 curricula using general English frequency and a fixed balance of nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs. Every row reuses a reviewed meaning, complete example sentence, word-study note, and dictionary-style equivalents in all launch languages. The first release includes five cloze questions per page; reading workshops will be added only after their English passages and translations are separately reviewed.
Sources and curriculum references
These references guide selection and calibration. Definitions, sample sentences, readings, questions, and teaching notes are independently written and reviewed.
- ETS: TOEFL iBT Full-Length Practice Test 1
- ETS: TOEFL iBT Full-Length Practice Test 2
- ETS: TOEIC Listening and Reading Sample Test
- IELTS: Academic Reading Sample Tasks 2023
- Cambridge IGCSE First Language English 0500/01 2027 Specimen Paper
- Cambridge IGCSE First Language English 0500/01 2027 Specimen Insert
- Cambridge IGCSE English as a Second Language 0510/01 2019 Specimen Paper
- WikDict downloadable bilingual dictionaries
- Kaikki.org / Wiktextract machine-readable Wiktionary data
- Language-Learning-decks public flashcard datasets
- SBBIC English-to-Khmer Dictionary
- English–Khmer Dictionary Dataset (machine-generated Khmer fallback; human review required)
- PanLex meanings snapshot (direct CC0 gap candidates; human review required)
- Cambridge bilingual dictionaries (individual editorial sense checks)
- Collins English–Hindi Dictionary (individual editorial checks)
- Hindwi and Rekhta dictionaries (individual Hindi/Urdu checks)
- National Institute of Korean Language: Basic Korean Dictionary
- JMdict/EDRDG Japanese dictionary project
- CC-CEDICT Chinese dictionary project
- VDict Vietnamese Dictionary (individual editorial check)
- Google Translate (machine-assisted lesson-reading draft; fluent review required)
- Kuperman et al.: Age-of-acquisition ratings for 30,000 English words