English Vocabulary · Grade 9 Live Review Preview
9th Grade Vocabulary Words
Ninth grade marks the transition to high-school reading and writing across literature, argument, research, biology, physical and Earth science, algebra, computing, world history, civics, and geography. This level develops precise academic and domain-specific vocabulary while strengthening context, nuance, source evaluation, figurative language, and evidence-based communication.
This independently authored 800-word beta curriculum is arranged in twenty-three pages of up to thirty-five words. Pages containing words 1–500 include five cloze questions drawn only from that enhanced range; words 501–800 remain fully visible and editable as list pages while the expanded practice layer is developed. Each row includes a subject-field label and an editable word-study note about a transparent affix, compound structure, capitalization, or dictionary base form. The cited Grade 9 resources calibrate difficulty and study skills only; all learner-facing definitions, examples, quizzes, and descriptions are original KSSR copy.
Please note: the vocabulary lists for grades 9~11 have been selected to ensure no overlap with the previous grade level. If the words are too specialized or difficult for you, please go back to grade levels 4~8 and review the words on those pages.
Open the basic text version — works without JavaScript and is suitable for printing.
Your private study tools
Track your learning with My Vocabulary
Use the three small controls beside any word. Your choices stay attached to your account and appear in your My Vocabulary record.
- Star a difficult word to practise it again.
- Check a word when you have learned it.
- Add a note with a memory clue, synonym, or reminder.
These controls work during your free visits and save privately on this browser. Sign in to move them into your account’s My Vocabulary record.
| # | Word | Details | Meaning | Sample sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 71 | refutation | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | 1. 반박 2. 반증 | The laboratory result provided a refutation of the rumor about contaminated water. |
| 72 | rhetorical situation | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: rhetorical + situation. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 수사적 상황 | Understanding the rhetorical situation explains why the mayor used a formal tone. |
| 73 | scope | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Base-form focus: scope is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 스코프 2. 레인지 3. 폭 | The paper narrows its scope to public transportation in three coastal cities. |
| 74 | synthesis matrix | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: synthesis + matrix. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 합성 매트릭스 | A synthesis matrix helped Noor compare how four authors discussed water access. |
| 75 | thesis statement | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: thesis + statement. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 1. 논제문 2. 중심 주장문 | The thesis statement argues that the novel treats memory as both a gift and a burden. |
| 76 | citation trail | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: citation + trail. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 인용 추적 | Following the citation trail led the researcher to the original 1987 study. |
| 77 | integrated quotation | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: integrated + quotation. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 1. 문장에 통합한 인용문 2. 통합 인용 | An integrated quotation supports the paragraph without interrupting its flow. |
| 78 | signal phrase | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: signal + phrase. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 신호 문구 | The signal phrase “According to marine biologist Ana Ruiz” establishes the source's expertise. |
| 79 | parenthetical citation | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: parenthetical + citation. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 괄호 인용 | The parenthetical citation directs readers to the matching entry in the works cited list. |
| 80 | works cited | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: works + cited. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 1. 인용 문헌 목록 2. 참고 문헌 목록 | The works cited gives publication details for every article quoted in the essay. |
| 81 | source note | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: source + note. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 소스 노트 | The map's source note credits the national geological survey. |
| 82 | revision plan | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: revision + plan. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 개정 계획 | Her revision plan begins with strengthening the counterargument and reorganizing two paragraphs. |
| 83 | peer feedback | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: peer + feedback. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 동료 피드백 | Peer feedback showed that the explanation needed a clearer example. |
| 84 | sentence fluency | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: sentence + fluency. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 문장 유창성 | Varying sentence length improved the paragraph's sentence fluency. |
| 85 | parallel structure | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: parallel + structure. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 병렬 구조 | “To learn, to question, and to grow” uses parallel structure. |
| 86 | logical progression | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: logical + progression. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 논리적 진행 | The report has a logical progression from the problem to its causes and possible solutions. |
| 87 | transitional phrase | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: transitional + phrase. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 전환 문구 | The transitional phrase “on the other hand” introduces a contrast. |
| 88 | topic development | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: topic + development. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 주제 개발 | Facts alone do not create topic development unless the writer explains their significance. |
| 89 | formal tone | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: formal + tone. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 형식적인 어조 | The application letter maintains a formal tone by avoiding slang. |
| 90 | specificity | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Suffix focus: -ity commonly forms a noun naming a quality, state, or condition. | 1. 구체성 2. 명확성 | Replacing “things got better” with measured results adds specificity. |
| 91 | source synthesis | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: source + synthesis. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 소스 합성 | Her source synthesis compares the studies instead of summarizing each one separately. |
| 92 | citation ethics | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: citation + ethics. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 인용윤리 | Citation ethics requires a writer to identify both direct quotations and paraphrased ideas. |
| 93 | research ethics | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: research + ethics. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 연구윤리 | Research ethics requires informed consent before collecting private interview data. |
| 94 | data provenance | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: data + provenance. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 데이터 출처 | The repository preserves data provenance by naming the sensor, date, and processing steps. |
| 95 | sample bias | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: sample + bias. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 표본편향 | Surveying only morning commuters introduces sample bias into a study of all transit riders. |
| 96 | selection bias | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: selection + bias. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 선택 편향 | Allowing volunteers to choose their own treatment group can create selection bias. |
| 97 | confirmation bias | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: confirmation + bias. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 확증편향(確證偏向) | Confirmation bias may lead a reader to ignore evidence that challenges an opinion. |
| 98 | publication bias | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: publication + bias. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 출판 편향 | Publication bias can make a treatment appear more effective than the complete evidence shows. |
| 99 | conflict of interest | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: conflict + of + interest. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 이해상충 | The reviewer disclosed a conflict of interest because she owned stock in the company. |
| 100 | replication study | noun StudyField: Grade 9 research, reasoning, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: replication + study. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 1. 재현 연구 2. 반복 검증 연구 | A replication study found the same effect in a different city and age group. |
| 101 | narratology | noun StudyField: Grade 9 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Root and suffix focus: -logy means the study of a subject. | 서사학 | Narratology examines how changes in time and point of view shape a reader's experience. |
| 102 | focalization | noun StudyField: Grade 9 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Suffix focus: -ization forms a noun for a process of making or becoming. | 초점화 | The chapter uses the child's focalization, so readers notice details that matter to her. |
| 103 | narrative distance | noun StudyField: Grade 9 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: narrative + distance. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 서술적 거리 | Short, urgent thoughts reduce the narrative distance during the escape scene. |
| 104 | narrative reliability | noun StudyField: Grade 9 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: narrative + reliability. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 서술적 신뢰성 | Conflicting dates make the narrator's narrative reliability increasingly doubtful. |
| 105 | nonlinear narrative | noun StudyField: Grade 9 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: nonlinear + narrative. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 비선형 서술 | The nonlinear narrative moves between the trial and memories of the earlier voyage. |
Vocabulary reading and practice
Page 3 vocabulary review
Review five selected words from page 3.
English reading
Reading passage is being prepared.
Korean translation
A reviewed translation is not available for this passage yet.
Vocabulary quiz
Choose the dictionary equivalent for each of 5 selected words.
Vocabulary chart page
This page focuses on the word chart. Reading passages appear once in each three-page group, while cloze quizzes remain in the established enhanced range for this level.
Sources and curriculum references
These references guide selection and calibration. Definitions, sample sentences, readings, questions, and teaching notes are independently written and reviewed.
- GreatSchools: 9th Grade Vocabulary Words
- Victoria University of Wellington: Coxhead Academic Word List
- Common Core: Language Standards for Grades 9–10
- Common Core: Science and Technical Subjects, Grades 9–10
- WikDict downloadable bilingual dictionaries
- Kaikki.org / Wiktextract machine-readable Wiktionary data
- Language-Learning-decks public flashcard datasets
- SBBIC English-to-Khmer Dictionary
- English–Khmer Dictionary Dataset (machine-generated Khmer fallback; human review required)
- PanLex meanings snapshot (direct CC0 gap candidates; human review required)
- Cambridge bilingual dictionaries (individual editorial sense checks)
- Collins English–Hindi Dictionary (individual editorial checks)
- Hindwi and Rekhta dictionaries (individual Hindi/Urdu checks)
- National Institute of Korean Language: Basic Korean Dictionary
- JMdict/EDRDG Japanese dictionary project
- CC-CEDICT Chinese dictionary project
- VDict Vietnamese Dictionary (individual editorial check)
- Google Translate (machine-assisted lesson-reading draft; fluent review required)
- Kuperman et al.: Age-of-acquisition ratings for 30,000 English words
- The Princeton Review, Word Smart (2006 and 2012 editions; bibliographic calibration only).