English Vocabulary · Grade 8 Live Review Preview

8th Grade Vocabulary Words

Eighth-grade readers move toward high-school-level analysis across literature, argument, research, physical and life science, algebra, economics, history, and civics. This level strengthens precise Tier II and cross-curricular vocabulary while emphasizing context, analogy, word relationships, Greek and Latin roots, multiple meanings, source judgment, and evidence-based communication.

This independently authored 500-word beta curriculum is arranged in twenty pages of twenty-five words each. Words 1–300 include five cloze questions per page; words 301–500 remain fully visible and editable as list pages while the expanded practice layer is developed. Each row includes a subject-field label and an editable word-study note about a transparent affix, compound structure, capitalization, or dictionary base form. The cited Grade 8 resources calibrate difficulty and vocabulary-study skills only; all learner-facing definitions, examples, quizzes, and descriptions are original KSSR copy.

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Words 301–325 of 500
#	Word	Details	Meaning	Sample sentence
301	linear-equation	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: linear + equation. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	一次方程式	The linear-equation y = 3x + 2 has a slope of three.
302	y-intercept	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: y + intercept. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	y 切片	The line's y-intercept is (0, 4).
303	x-intercept	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: x + intercept. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	x切片	The graph has an x-intercept at (-2, 0).
304	fixed-cost	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: fixed + cost. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	固定費	Monthly rent remains a fixed-cost whether the bakery sells ten loaves or a thousand.
305	variable-cost	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: variable + cost. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	変動費	Flour is a variable-cost because the bakery buys more when it makes more bread.
306	line-of-best-fit	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: line + of + best + fit. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	最適な線	The line-of-best-fit shows that study time and test scores generally rise together.
307	association	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result.	協会	The scatter plot suggests a positive association between temperature and ice-cream sales.
308	sales-tax	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: sales + tax. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	消費税	The receipt lists sales-tax separately from the item's price.
309	direct-variation	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: direct + variation. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	直接変化	The distance traveled shows direct-variation with time when speed remains constant.
310	inverse-variation	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: inverse + variation. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	逆変動	For a fixed distance, travel time shows inverse-variation with speed.
311	rate-of-change	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: rate + of + change. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	変化率	The graph's rate-of-change is five kilometers per hour.
312	property-tax	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: property + tax. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	固定資産税	The town uses property-tax revenue to support schools and fire services.
313	scientific-notation	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: scientific + notation. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	科学的表記法	The distance 150,000,000 kilometers is 1.5 × 10⁸ in scientific-notation.
314	square-root	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: square + root. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	平方根	The principal square-root of 81 is 9.
315	cube-root	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: cube + root. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	立方根	The cube-root of 125 is 5.
316	irrational-number	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: irrational + number. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	無理数	The number π is an irrational-number with a nonrepeating decimal.
317	rational-number	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: rational + number. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	有理数	The decimal 0.75 is a rational-number because it equals 3/4.
318	payroll-tax	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: payroll + tax. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	給与税	The pay stub shows the payroll-tax withheld from the worker's earnings.
319	pythagorean-theorem	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: pythagorean + theorem. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	ピタゴラスの定理	The pythagorean-theorem confirms that a triangle with sides 3, 4, and 5 is right.
320	hypotenuse	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Base-form focus: hypotenuse is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	斜辺	The hypotenuse is the longest side of a right triangle.
321	congruence	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Suffix focus: -ence commonly forms a noun naming an action, quality, or state.	融和	A sequence of rigid motions can demonstrate the triangles' congruence.
322	transformation	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result.	1. 変形 2. 変換	A rotation is a transformation that turns a figure around a fixed point.
323	alternate-interior-angles	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: alternate + interior + angles. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	代替内角	When parallel lines are cut by a transversal, alternate-interior-angles are congruent.
324	corresponding-angles	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: corresponding + angles. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	対応する角度	Equal corresponding-angles indicate that the two lines are parallel.
325	vertical-angles	noun Study Field: Grade 8 mathematics and economics word Word study: Term structure: vertical + angles. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	垂直方向の角度	Vertical-angles always have equal measures.

Vocabulary reading and practice

The Theater's Costs

Reading practice for pages 13–15. Five relevant words are highlighted.

English reading

A theater models ticket sales with a linear-equation. Its fixed-cost includes the stage rental, while each printed program adds a variable-cost. On the graph, the y-intercept represents the starting expense, and the x-intercept shows when revenue finally balances cost.

Japanese translation

A reviewed translation is not available for this passage yet.

Reading comprehension

1. What is one fixed cost?

The stage rental is a fixed cost.

2. What adds a variable cost?

Each printed program adds a variable cost.

3. What does the x-intercept show?

It shows when revenue balances cost.

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Sources and curriculum references

These references guide selection and calibration. Definitions, sample sentences, readings, questions, and teaching notes are independently written and reviewed.

8th Grade Vocabulary Words

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