English Vocabulary · Grade 10 Live Review Preview
10th Grade Vocabulary Words
Tenth-grade reading asks learners to move confidently among literary analysis, argument, source evaluation, laboratory science, mathematics, computing, history, economics, psychology, philosophy, and the arts. This level emphasizes precise academic language, disciplinary meanings, connotation, word relationships, and the ability to interpret unfamiliar vocabulary in demanding context.
This independently authored 800-word beta curriculum is arranged in twenty-three pages of up to thirty-five words. Pages containing words 1–500 include five cloze questions drawn only from that enhanced range; words 501–800 remain fully visible and editable as list pages while expanded practice is developed. Every row includes an editable subject-field label and a conservative word-study note about transparent affixes, compound structure, capitalization, or dictionary base forms. The cited sources calibrate range and difficulty only; all learner-facing definitions, examples, quizzes, and descriptions are original KSSR copy.
Please note: the vocabulary lists for grades 9~11 have been selected to ensure no overlap with the previous grade level. If the words are too specialized or difficult for you, please go back to grade levels 4~8 and review the words on those pages.
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| # | Word | Details | Meaning | Sample sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 386 | salt bridge | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: salt + bridge. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 鹽橋 | Nitrate ions crossed the salt bridge as the galvanic cell operated. |
| 387 | half-cell | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: half + cell. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 半电池 | The zinc half-cell lost mass as zinc atoms became ions. |
| 388 | anode | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Base-form focus: anode is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 陽極 | Zinc served as the anode and released electrons. |
| 389 | cathode | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Base-form focus: cathode is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 陰極 2. 正極 | Copper ions gained electrons at the cathode. |
| 390 | electrolysis | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Base-form focus: electrolysis is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. 電解 2. 电解 | Electrolysis split molten sodium chloride into its elements. |
| 391 | electrode potential | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: electrode + potential. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 电极电位 | The measured electrode potential changed when the ion concentration changed. |
| 392 | spontaneous reaction | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: spontaneous + reaction. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 自发反应 | The positive cell voltage indicated a spontaneous reaction. |
| 393 | nonspontaneous reaction | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: nonspontaneous + reaction. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 非自发反应 | Charging the battery drives a nonspontaneous reaction. |
| 394 | entropy change | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: entropy + change. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 熵变 | Melting ice has a positive entropy change because the liquid permits more molecular arrangements. |
| 395 | enthalpy change | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: enthalpy + change. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 焓变 | The negative enthalpy change showed that combustion released heat. |
| 396 | calorimetry | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Root and suffix focus: -metry relates to measuring. | 量热法 | Calorimetry determined the energy released when the fuel burned. |
| 397 | specific heat capacity | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: specific + heat + capacity. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 1. 比熱容 2. 比熱 | Water's high specific heat capacity helps moderate coastal temperatures. |
| 398 | Hess's law | proper noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: Hess's + law. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 赫斯定律 | Hess's law allowed the chemist to combine known reactions and calculate an unknown heat change. |
| 399 | bond enthalpy | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: bond + enthalpy. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 键焓 | The strong nitrogen triple bond has a large bond enthalpy. |
| 400 | lattice energy | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: lattice + energy. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 晶格能 | Small highly charged ions generally produce a large lattice energy. |
| 401 | complex number | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: complex + number. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 1. 複數 2. 复数 | Three plus two i is a complex number. |
| 402 | imaginary unit | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: imaginary + unit. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 虚数单位 | The imaginary unit makes it possible to express square roots of negative numbers. |
| 403 | real part | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: real + part. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 實部 | The real part of five minus three i is five. |
| 404 | imaginary part | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: imaginary + part. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 虛部 | The imaginary part of five minus three i is negative three. |
| 405 | complex conjugate | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: complex + conjugate. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 共軛複數 | The complex conjugate of two plus seven i is two minus seven i. |
| 406 | polynomial function | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: polynomial + function. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 多項式函數 | The graph of a third-degree polynomial function may have two turning points. |
| 407 | degree of polynomial | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: degree + of + polynomial. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 多项式的次数 | The degree of polynomial x cubed minus x is three. |
| 408 | leading term | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: leading + term. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 主导词 | The leading term of four x cubed minus x is four x cubed. |
| 409 | polynomial long division | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: polynomial + long + division. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 多项式长除法 | Polynomial long division produced a quadratic quotient and a constant remainder. |
| 410 | synthetic division | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: synthetic + division. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 综合除法 | Synthetic division quickly evaluated the quotient for division by x minus two. |
| 411 | remainder theorem | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: remainder + theorem. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 余数定理 | The remainder theorem shows that division by x minus three leaves a remainder of f of three. |
| 412 | factor theorem | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: factor + theorem. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 因子定理 | The factor theorem confirms that x plus one is a factor because f of negative one is zero. |
| 413 | rational root theorem | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: rational + root + theorem. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 有理根定理 | The rational root theorem narrowed the possible zeros to factors of the constant over factors of the leading coefficient. |
| 414 | multiplicity | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Suffix focus: -ity commonly forms a noun naming a quality, state, or condition. | 数 | A zero with even multiplicity makes the graph touch the axis and turn back. |
| 415 | end behavior | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: end + behavior. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 结束行为 | The leading term determines the polynomial's end behavior. |
| 416 | zero of function | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: zero + of + function. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 函数零 | The graph crosses the x-axis at each real zero of function f. |
| 417 | asymptote | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Base-form focus: asymptote is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 渐近线 | The hyperbola gets closer to its asymptote without meeting it. |
| 418 | horizontal asymptote | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: horizontal + asymptote. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 水平渐近线 | The function has y equals two as a horizontal asymptote. |
| 419 | vertical asymptote | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: vertical + asymptote. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 垂直渐近线 | The denominator becomes zero at the vertical asymptote x equals three. |
| 420 | oblique asymptote | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: oblique + asymptote. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 斜渐近线 | Polynomial division revealed the oblique asymptote y equals x plus one. |
Vocabulary reading and practice
Page 12 vocabulary review
Review five selected words from page 12.
English reading
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Simplified Chinese translation
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Vocabulary quiz
Choose the dictionary equivalent for each of 5 selected words.
Vocabulary chart page
This page focuses on the word chart. Reading passages appear once in each three-page group, while cloze quizzes remain in the established enhanced range for this level.
Sources and curriculum references
These references guide selection and calibration. Definitions, sample sentences, readings, questions, and teaching notes are independently written and reviewed.
- Common Core: Language Standards for Grades 9–10
- OpenStax: Biology 2e
- OpenStax: Chemistry 2e
- OpenStax: Algebra and Trigonometry 2e
- OpenStax: World History, Volume 2
- OpenStax: Psychology 2e
- OpenStax: Introduction to Philosophy
- WikDict downloadable bilingual dictionaries
- Kaikki.org / Wiktextract machine-readable Wiktionary data
- Language-Learning-decks public flashcard datasets
- SBBIC English-to-Khmer Dictionary
- English–Khmer Dictionary Dataset (machine-generated Khmer fallback; human review required)
- PanLex meanings snapshot (direct CC0 gap candidates; human review required)
- Cambridge bilingual dictionaries (individual editorial sense checks)
- Collins English–Hindi Dictionary (individual editorial checks)
- Hindwi and Rekhta dictionaries (individual Hindi/Urdu checks)
- National Institute of Korean Language: Basic Korean Dictionary
- JMdict/EDRDG Japanese dictionary project
- CC-CEDICT Chinese dictionary project
- VDict Vietnamese Dictionary (individual editorial check)
- Google Translate (machine-assisted lesson-reading draft; fluent review required)
- Kuperman et al.: Age-of-acquisition ratings for 30,000 English words
- The Princeton Review, Word Smart: Building an Educated Vocabulary (Privately Owned KSSR Materials; bibliographic calibration only).