English Vocabulary · Grade 10 Live Review Preview
10th Grade Vocabulary Words
Tenth-grade reading asks learners to move confidently among literary analysis, argument, source evaluation, laboratory science, mathematics, computing, history, economics, psychology, philosophy, and the arts. This level emphasizes precise academic language, disciplinary meanings, connotation, word relationships, and the ability to interpret unfamiliar vocabulary in demanding context.
This independently authored 800-word beta curriculum is arranged in twenty-three pages of up to thirty-five words. Pages containing words 1–500 include five cloze questions drawn only from that enhanced range; words 501–800 remain fully visible and editable as list pages while expanded practice is developed. Every row includes an editable subject-field label and a conservative word-study note about transparent affixes, compound structure, capitalization, or dictionary base forms. The cited sources calibrate range and difficulty only; all learner-facing definitions, examples, quizzes, and descriptions are original KSSR copy.
Please note: the vocabulary lists for grades 9~11 have been selected to ensure no overlap with the previous grade level. If the words are too specialized or difficult for you, please go back to grade levels 4~8 and review the words on those pages.
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| # | Word | Details | Meaning | Sample sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 176 | objective correlative | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: objective + correlative. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | объективный коррелят | The empty crib and unopened letter form an objective correlative for grief. |
| 177 | pathetic fallacy | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: pathetic + fallacy. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | жалкое заблуждение | Calling the storm clouds angry is a pathetic fallacy. |
| 178 | blazon | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Base-form focus: blazon is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. описа́ние герба́ 2. геральди́ческий язы́к | The sonnet's blazon compares the beloved's eyes, hair, and hands with precious objects. |
| 179 | sestet | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Base-form focus: sestet is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | секстет | The sestet answers the problem introduced in the octave. |
| 180 | octave | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Base-form focus: octave is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. окта́ва 2. октава | The octave presents the speaker's conflict before the poem turns. |
| 181 | tercet | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Base-form focus: tercet is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | терце́т | Each tercet in the poem develops one image of winter. |
| 182 | pastoral | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Base-form focus: pastoral is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. пастуший 2. пастора́ль | The pastoral contrasts the quiet countryside with the pressures of court life. |
| 183 | mock epic | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: mock + epic. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | пародийный эпос | The mock epic describes a household argument as if it were a legendary battle. |
| 184 | quantitative meter | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: quantitative + meter. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | количественный измеритель | Classical Greek verse often uses quantitative meter. |
| 185 | accentual-syllabic meter | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: accentual + syllabic + meter. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | ударно-слоговый метр | An English sonnet commonly uses accentual-syllabic meter with five stressed beats per line. |
| 186 | colligation | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result. | коллигация | The verb depend shows colligation with the preposition on. |
| 187 | deixis | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Base-form focus: deixis is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | де́йксис | Words such as here and tomorrow illustrate deixis. |
| 188 | anaphoric reference | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: anaphoric + reference. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | анафорическая ссылка | In Maya found the key and she smiled, she creates anaphoric reference to Maya. |
| 189 | cataphoric reference | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: cataphoric + reference. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | катафорическая ссылка | In When he arrived, Luis apologized, he creates cataphoric reference. |
| 190 | speech act | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: speech + act. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | речевой акт | The sentence I promise to return is a speech act that creates a commitment. |
| 191 | cohesive device | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: cohesive + device. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | связующее устройство | The transition however is a cohesive device that signals contrast. |
| 192 | discourse marker | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: discourse + marker. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | маркер дискурса | The discourse marker in conclusion tells readers that the argument is ending. |
| 193 | hedging language | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: hedging + language. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | язык хеджирования | The phrase the results may suggest is hedging language. |
| 194 | booster | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Base-form focus: booster is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | приве́рженец | The phrase clearly demonstrates functions as a booster in the conclusion. |
| 195 | passivization | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Suffix focus: -ization forms a noun for a process of making or becoming. | пассивизация | Passivization changes Researchers measured the samples into The samples were measured. |
| 196 | transitivity | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Suffix focus: -ity commonly forms a noun naming a quality, state, or condition. | 1. перехо́дность 2. транзити́вность | The essay examines transitivity by asking who acts and who is acted upon in each sentence. |
| 197 | modality | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Suffix focus: -ity commonly forms a noun naming a quality, state, or condition. | модальность | The modal verb might expresses uncertain modality. |
| 198 | epistemic modality | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: epistemic + modality. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | эпистемическая модальность | The phrase must have left uses epistemic modality to signal a strong inference. |
| 199 | deontic modality | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: deontic + modality. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | деонтическая модальность | The sentence Students must cite sources uses deontic modality. |
| 200 | evaluative language | noun StudyField: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: evaluative + language. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | оценочный язык | Calling the policy shortsighted is evaluative language rather than neutral description. |
| 201 | receptor protein | noun StudyField: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: receptor + protein. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | рецепторный белок | Insulin attaches to a receptor protein on the cell surface. |
| 202 | signal transduction | noun StudyField: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: signal + transduction. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | передача сигнала | Signal transduction carries the hormone's message from the membrane to the nucleus. |
| 203 | second messenger | noun StudyField: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: second + messenger. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | второй посланник | Cyclic AMP acts as a second messenger after adrenaline binds to a cell. |
| 204 | endocrine gland | noun StudyField: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: endocrine + gland. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | эндокри́нная железа́ | The thyroid is an endocrine gland that affects metabolic rate. |
| 205 | hormone receptor | noun StudyField: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: hormone + receptor. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | гормональный рецептор | Only cells with the matching hormone receptor respond directly to insulin. |
| 206 | hypothalamus | noun StudyField: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Base-form focus: hypothalamus is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. гипотала́мус 2. гипоталамус | The hypothalamus detects changes in blood temperature. |
| 207 | pituitary gland | noun StudyField: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: pituitary + gland. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 1. гипо́физ 2. питуита́рная железа́ 3. мозгово́й прида́ток | The pituitary gland secretes a hormone that stimulates the thyroid. |
| 208 | thyroid gland | noun StudyField: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: thyroid + gland. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 1. щитови́дная железа́ 2. щитовидная железа | The thyroid gland requires iodine to make its main hormones. |
| 209 | adrenal gland | noun StudyField: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: adrenal + gland. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | надпо́чечник | The adrenal gland releases adrenaline during an emergency. |
| 210 | pancreas | noun StudyField: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Base-form focus: pancreas is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. поджелу́дочная железа́ 2. поджелудочная железа | The pancreas releases insulin after a meal. |
Vocabulary reading and practice
Page 6 vocabulary review
Review five selected words from page 6.
English reading
Reading passage is being prepared.
Russian translation
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Vocabulary quiz
Choose the dictionary equivalent for each of 5 selected words.
Vocabulary chart page
This page focuses on the word chart. Reading passages appear once in each three-page group, while cloze quizzes remain in the established enhanced range for this level.
Sources and curriculum references
These references guide selection and calibration. Definitions, sample sentences, readings, questions, and teaching notes are independently written and reviewed.
- Common Core: Language Standards for Grades 9–10
- OpenStax: Biology 2e
- OpenStax: Chemistry 2e
- OpenStax: Algebra and Trigonometry 2e
- OpenStax: World History, Volume 2
- OpenStax: Psychology 2e
- OpenStax: Introduction to Philosophy
- WikDict downloadable bilingual dictionaries
- Kaikki.org / Wiktextract machine-readable Wiktionary data
- Language-Learning-decks public flashcard datasets
- SBBIC English-to-Khmer Dictionary
- English–Khmer Dictionary Dataset (machine-generated Khmer fallback; human review required)
- PanLex meanings snapshot (direct CC0 gap candidates; human review required)
- Cambridge bilingual dictionaries (individual editorial sense checks)
- Collins English–Hindi Dictionary (individual editorial checks)
- Hindwi and Rekhta dictionaries (individual Hindi/Urdu checks)
- National Institute of Korean Language: Basic Korean Dictionary
- JMdict/EDRDG Japanese dictionary project
- CC-CEDICT Chinese dictionary project
- VDict Vietnamese Dictionary (individual editorial check)
- Google Translate (machine-assisted lesson-reading draft; fluent review required)
- Kuperman et al.: Age-of-acquisition ratings for 30,000 English words
- The Princeton Review, Word Smart: Building an Educated Vocabulary (Privately Owned KSSR Materials; bibliographic calibration only).