English Vocabulary · Grade 10 Live Review Preview
10th Grade Vocabulary Words
Tenth-grade reading asks learners to move confidently among literary analysis, argument, source evaluation, laboratory science, mathematics, computing, history, economics, psychology, philosophy, and the arts. This level emphasizes precise academic language, disciplinary meanings, connotation, word relationships, and the ability to interpret unfamiliar vocabulary in demanding context.
This independently authored 800-word beta curriculum is arranged in twenty-three pages of up to thirty-five words. Pages containing words 1–500 include five cloze questions drawn only from that enhanced range; words 501–800 remain fully visible and editable as list pages while expanded practice is developed. Every row includes an editable subject-field label and a conservative word-study note about transparent affixes, compound structure, capitalization, or dictionary base forms. The cited sources calibrate range and difficulty only; all learner-facing definitions, examples, quizzes, and descriptions are original KSSR copy.
Please note: the vocabulary lists for grades 9~11 have been selected to ensure no overlap with the previous grade level. If the words are too specialized or difficult for you, please go back to grade levels 4~8 and review the words on those pages.
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| # | Word | Details | Meaning | Sample sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 351 | vector quantity | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: vector + quantity. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | ベクトル量 | Velocity is a vector quantity because direction matters. |
| 352 | free-fall acceleration | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: free + fall + acceleration. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 自由落下加速 | Near Earth's surface, free-fall acceleration is about 9.8 meters per second squared. |
| 353 | projectile motion | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: projectile + motion. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 発射体の動き | The ball's projectile motion combines horizontal travel with vertical acceleration. |
| 354 | uniform circular motion | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: uniform + circular + motion. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 等速円運動 | A satellite in uniform circular motion continually changes direction. |
| 355 | centripetal acceleration | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: centripetal + acceleration. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 向心加速度 | Centripetal acceleration turns the velocity vector inward. |
| 356 | centripetal force | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: centripetal + force. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 1. 求心力 2. 向心力 | Friction supplies the centripetal force for a turning car. |
| 357 | rotational equilibrium | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: rotational + equilibrium. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 回転平衡 | The balanced beam is in rotational equilibrium. |
| 358 | angular velocity | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: angular + velocity. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 角速度 | The wheel's angular velocity doubled. |
| 359 | angular momentum | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: angular + momentum. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 角運動量 | The skater's angular momentum remains constant as she pulls in her arms. |
| 360 | subduction zone | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: subduction + zone. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 沈み込み帯 | Earthquakes and volcanoes occur along the subduction zone. |
| 361 | paleomagnetism | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Suffix focus: -ism often names a belief, system, movement, or practice. | 古地磁気 | Paleomagnetism revealed symmetrical magnetic stripes on both sides of the ridge. |
| 362 | mantle convection | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: mantle + convection. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | マントル対流 | Mantle convection transfers heat and contributes to plate motion. |
| 363 | fault plane | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: fault + plane. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 断層面 | The rupture spread across the fault plane. |
| 364 | elastic rebound | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: elastic + rebound. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 弾性反発 | Elastic rebound released stored strain energy during the earthquake. |
| 365 | radioactive dating | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: radioactive + dating. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 放射性年代測定 | Radioactive dating placed the volcanic ash at two million years old. |
| 366 | half-life | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: half + life. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 半減期 | Carbon-14 has a half-life of about 5,730 years. |
| 367 | index fossil | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: index + fossil. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 示準化石 | The same index fossil linked two distant rock layers. |
| 368 | geologic correlation | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: geologic + correlation. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 地質学的相関 | Geologic correlation connected the ash layer on opposite sides of the valley. |
| 369 | climate forcing | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: climate + forcing. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 気候強制 | A rise in greenhouse gases creates positive climate forcing. |
| 370 | radiative balance | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: radiative + balance. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 放射バランス | A change in radiative balance can alter global temperature. |
| 371 | albedo effect | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: albedo + effect. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | アルベド効果 | Melting sea ice strengthens warming through the albedo effect. |
| 372 | carbon source | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: carbon + source. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 炭素源 | Burning fossil fuel is a major carbon source. |
| 373 | rate constant | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: rate + constant. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 速度定数 | The rate constant increased when the reaction mixture was heated. |
| 374 | transition state | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: transition + state. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 遷移状態 | The catalyst lowered the energy needed to reach the transition state. |
| 375 | reaction quotient | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: reaction + quotient. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 反応指数 | The reaction quotient showed that the system would shift toward products. |
| 376 | Le Châtelier's principle | proper noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: Le + Châtelier's + principle. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | ル・シャトリエの原理 | Le Châtelier's principle predicts that removing a product can drive the reaction forward. |
| 377 | solubility product | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: solubility + product. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 溶解度積 | The small solubility product indicates that very little silver chloride dissolves. |
| 378 | common-ion effect | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: common + ion + effect. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | コモンイオン効果 | Adding chloride produced a common-ion effect that decreased silver chloride solubility. |
| 379 | buffer capacity | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: buffer + capacity. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | バッファ容量 | A concentrated buffer has greater buffer capacity than a dilute buffer with the same component ratio. |
| 380 | Henderson–Hasselbalch equation | proper noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: Henderson–Hasselbalch + equation. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | ヘンダーソン・ハッセルバルヒ方程式 | The Henderson–Hasselbalch equation estimated the buffer pH from the conjugate pair concentrations. |
| 381 | galvanic cell | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: galvanic + cell. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | ガルバニ電池 | Electrons flowed through the wire of the galvanic cell from zinc to copper. |
| 382 | electrolytic cell | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: electrolytic + cell. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 電解槽 | The electrolytic cell deposited a thin layer of copper on the metal key. |
| 383 | standard reduction potential | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: standard + reduction + potential. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 標準的な削減可能性 | A more positive standard reduction potential indicates a stronger tendency to be reduced. |
| 384 | Faraday constant | proper noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: Faraday + constant. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | ファラデー定数 | The calculation used the Faraday constant to convert electron moles into coulombs. |
| 385 | electrochemical cell | noun StudyField: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: electrochemical + cell. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 電気化学セル | The electrochemical cell separates the two half-reactions so their electrons travel through a wire. |
Vocabulary reading and practice
Page 11 vocabulary review
Review five selected words from page 11.
English reading
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Japanese translation
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Vocabulary quiz
Choose the dictionary equivalent for each of 5 selected words.
Vocabulary chart page
This page focuses on the word chart. Reading passages appear once in each three-page group, while cloze quizzes remain in the established enhanced range for this level.
Sources and curriculum references
These references guide selection and calibration. Definitions, sample sentences, readings, questions, and teaching notes are independently written and reviewed.
- Common Core: Language Standards for Grades 9–10
- OpenStax: Biology 2e
- OpenStax: Chemistry 2e
- OpenStax: Algebra and Trigonometry 2e
- OpenStax: World History, Volume 2
- OpenStax: Psychology 2e
- OpenStax: Introduction to Philosophy
- WikDict downloadable bilingual dictionaries
- Kaikki.org / Wiktextract machine-readable Wiktionary data
- Language-Learning-decks public flashcard datasets
- SBBIC English-to-Khmer Dictionary
- English–Khmer Dictionary Dataset (machine-generated Khmer fallback; human review required)
- PanLex meanings snapshot (direct CC0 gap candidates; human review required)
- Cambridge bilingual dictionaries (individual editorial sense checks)
- Collins English–Hindi Dictionary (individual editorial checks)
- Hindwi and Rekhta dictionaries (individual Hindi/Urdu checks)
- National Institute of Korean Language: Basic Korean Dictionary
- JMdict/EDRDG Japanese dictionary project
- CC-CEDICT Chinese dictionary project
- VDict Vietnamese Dictionary (individual editorial check)
- Google Translate (machine-assisted lesson-reading draft; fluent review required)
- Kuperman et al.: Age-of-acquisition ratings for 30,000 English words
- The Princeton Review, Word Smart: Building an Educated Vocabulary (Privately Owned KSSR Materials; bibliographic calibration only).