English Vocabulary · Grade 10 Live Review Preview

10th Grade Vocabulary Words

Tenth-grade reading asks learners to move confidently among literary analysis, argument, source evaluation, laboratory science, mathematics, computing, history, economics, psychology, philosophy, and the arts. This level emphasizes precise academic language, disciplinary meanings, connotation, word relationships, and the ability to interpret unfamiliar vocabulary in demanding context.

This independently authored 800-word beta curriculum is arranged in twenty-three pages of up to thirty-five words. Pages containing words 1–500 include five cloze questions drawn only from that enhanced range; words 501–800 remain fully visible and editable as list pages while expanded practice is developed. Every row includes an editable subject-field label and a conservative word-study note about transparent affixes, compound structure, capitalization, or dictionary base forms. The cited sources calibrate range and difficulty only; all learner-facing definitions, examples, quizzes, and descriptions are original KSSR copy.

Please note: the vocabulary lists for grades 9~11 have been selected to ensure no overlap with the previous grade level. If the words are too specialized or difficult for you, please go back to grade levels 4~8 and review the words on those pages.

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Words 281–315 of 800
#	Word	Details	Meaning	Sample sentence
281	sensory neuron	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: sensory + neuron. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	sensorinen neuroni	A sensory neuron reported pressure from the skin.
282	motor neuron	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: motor + neuron. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	liikehermosolu	The motor neuron stimulated the hand muscle to contract.
283	interneuron	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Base-form focus: interneuron is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	interneuroni	An interneuron connected the sensory input to a rapid motor response.
284	central nervous system	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: central + nervous + system. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	keskushermosto	The central nervous system integrates information from the body.
285	peripheral nervous system	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: peripheral + nervous + system. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	ääreishermosto	The peripheral nervous system carries signals between limbs and spinal cord.
286	sympathetic nervous system	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: sympathetic + nervous + system. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	sympaattinen hermosto	The sympathetic nervous system raised heart rate before the race.
287	parasympathetic nervous system	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: parasympathetic + nervous + system. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	1. parasympaattinen hermosto 2. parasympatikus	The parasympathetic nervous system slowed the heart after the danger passed.
288	reflex arc	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: reflex + arc. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	1. refleksikaari 2. heijastekaari	The reflex arc pulled her hand from the hot pan before conscious thought.
289	brain stem	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: brain + stem. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	aivorunko	The brain stem helps regulate breathing.
290	cerebellum	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Base-form focus: cerebellum is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	pikkuaivot	The cerebellum helps adjust movements while a person learns to skate.
291	cerebral cortex	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: cerebral + cortex. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	aivokuori	The cerebral cortex processes the meaning of spoken words.
292	frontal lobe	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: frontal + lobe. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	1. otsalohko 2. frontaalilohko	The frontal lobe helps organize a multistep task.
293	temporal lobe	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: temporal + lobe. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	1. ohimolohko 2. temporaalilohko	The temporal lobe processes patterns in speech.
294	parietal lobe	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: parietal + lobe. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	1. parietaalilohko 2. päälaenlohko	The parietal lobe combines touch information with awareness of hand position.
295	occipital lobe	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: occipital + lobe. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	1. oksipitaalilohko 2. takaraivolohko	The occipital lobe analyzes color, shape, and motion from the eyes.
296	allosteric regulation	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: allosteric + regulation. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	allosteerinen säätely	Allosteric regulation slowed the enzyme after the end product accumulated.
297	competitive inhibition	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: competitive + inhibition. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	kilpaileva esto	Competitive inhibition weakened when the researchers increased the substrate concentration.
298	noncompetitive inhibition	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: noncompetitive + inhibition. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	ei-kilpaileva esto	Noncompetitive inhibition lowered the reaction's maximum rate even with abundant substrate.
299	substrate-level phosphorylation	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: substrate + level + phosphorylation. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	substraattitason fosforylaatio	Glycolysis produces some ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation.
300	oxidative phosphorylation	noun Study Field: Grade 10 biology, biochemistry, and health-science term Word study: Term structure: oxidative + phosphorylation. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	oksidatiivinen fosforylaatio	Most aerobic ATP is generated through oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria.
301	quantum number	noun Study Field: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: quantum + number. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	kvanttiluku	Each quantum number identifies part of an electron's energy state or orbital behavior.
302	principal energy level	noun Study Field: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: principal + energy + level. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	pääasiallinen energiataso	An electron in the third principal energy level is generally farther from the nucleus than one in the first.
303	electron configuration	noun Study Field: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: electron + configuration. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	elektronikonfiguraatio	The electron configuration of sodium ends with one electron in the third energy level.
304	Aufbau principle	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: Aufbau + principle. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	Aufbau-periaate	The Aufbau principle places electrons in the 1s orbital before the 2s orbital.
305	Pauli exclusion principle	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: Pauli + exclusion + principle. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	Paulin kieltosääntö	The Pauli exclusion principle allows two oppositely spinning electrons in one orbital.
306	Hund's rule	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: Hund's + rule. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	Hundin sääntö	Hund's rule places three electrons separately across the three p orbitals.
307	valence electron	noun Study Field: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: valence + electron. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	valenssielektroni	Sodium has one valence electron.
308	electron shielding	noun Study Field: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: electron + shielding. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	elektronien suojaus	Electron shielding makes an outer electron easier to remove.
309	effective nuclear charge	noun Study Field: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: effective + nuclear + charge. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	tehokas ydinpanos	Across a period, increasing effective nuclear charge pulls valence electrons closer.
310	atomic radius	noun Study Field: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: atomic + radius. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	atomisäde	Atomic radius generally decreases from left to right across a period.
311	ionization energy	noun Study Field: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: ionization + energy. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	ionisaatioenergiaa	Helium has a high ionization energy because its electrons are held tightly.
312	electron affinity	noun Study Field: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: electron + affinity. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	elektronien affiniteetti	Chlorine's electron affinity reflects its strong tendency to gain an electron.
313	electronegativity	noun Study Field: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Suffix focus: -ity commonly forms a noun naming a quality, state, or condition.	elektronegatiivisuus	Oxygen has greater electronegativity than hydrogen.
314	periodic trend	noun Study Field: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: periodic + trend. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	jaksollinen trendi	The increase in ionization energy across a row is a periodic trend.
315	ionic bond	noun Study Field: Grade 10 chemistry, physics, and Earth-systems term Word study: Term structure: ionic + bond. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	ionisidos	An ionic bond holds sodium and chloride ions together in salt.

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10th Grade Vocabulary Words

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