English Vocabulary · Grade 10 Live Review Preview
10th Grade Vocabulary Words
Tenth-grade reading asks learners to move confidently among literary analysis, argument, source evaluation, laboratory science, mathematics, computing, history, economics, psychology, philosophy, and the arts. This level emphasizes precise academic language, disciplinary meanings, connotation, word relationships, and the ability to interpret unfamiliar vocabulary in demanding context.
This independently authored 800-word beta curriculum is arranged in twenty-three pages of up to thirty-five words. Pages containing words 1–500 include five cloze questions drawn only from that enhanced range; words 501–800 remain fully visible and editable as list pages while expanded practice is developed. Every row includes an editable subject-field label and a conservative word-study note about transparent affixes, compound structure, capitalization, or dictionary base forms. The cited sources calibrate range and difficulty only; all learner-facing definitions, examples, quizzes, and descriptions are original KSSR copy.
Please note: the vocabulary lists for grades 9~11 have been selected to ensure no overlap with the previous grade level. If the words are too specialized or difficult for you, please go back to grade levels 4~8 and review the words on those pages.
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| # | Word | Details | Meaning | Sample sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 491 | foreign key | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: foreign + key. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | viiteavain | The order record uses customer ID as a foreign key. |
| 492 | database normalization | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: database + normalization. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | tietokannan normalisointi | Database normalization moved repeated addresses into a separate table. |
| 493 | SQL | proper noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Capitalization focus: SQL is an abbreviation or initialism; preserve its capital letters. | 1. SQL 2. rakenteinen kyselykieli | The analyst used SQL to select orders from the previous month. |
| 494 | application programming interface | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: application + programming + interface. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | 1. ohjelmointirajapinta 2. ohjelmistokehitysrajapinta 3. sovelluskehitysrajapinta | The weather application programming interface returns forecast data in JSON. |
| 495 | object-oriented programming | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: object + oriented + programming. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | olio-ohjelmointi | Object-oriented programming groups each account's fields with methods that act on them. |
| 496 | object | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Base-form focus: object is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. olio 2. objekti | The red bicycle is one object created from the Vehicle class. |
| 497 | memoization | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Suffix focus: -ization forms a noun for a process of making or becoming. | muisteleminen | Memoization reduced the recursive program's running time by reusing earlier answers. |
| 498 | dynamic programming | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: dynamic + programming. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | dynaaminen ohjelmointi | Dynamic programming found the cheapest route without recalculating every partial route. |
| 499 | referential integrity | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: referential + integrity. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | viitteellinen eheys | Referential integrity prevented an order from naming a customer who did not exist. |
| 500 | parameterized query | noun StudyField: Grade 10 mathematics, statistics, and computing term Word study: Term structure: parameterized + query. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | parametrisoitu kysely | A parameterized query protected the login form from SQL injection. |
| 501 | humanism | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Suffix focus: -ism often names a belief, system, movement, or practice. | humanismi | Renaissance humanism encouraged the close study of history, rhetoric, and moral philosophy. |
| 502 | secularism | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Suffix focus: -ism often names a belief, system, movement, or practice. | sekularismi | Secularism influenced debates about whether civil law should depend on one faith. |
| 503 | patronage | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Base-form focus: patronage is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | 1. tukeminen 2. kannattaminen | Medici patronage funded major works of Renaissance art. |
| 504 | indulgence | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Suffix focus: -ence commonly forms a noun naming an action, quality, or state. | 1. ane 2. lievitys | Criticism of the sale of an indulgence helped ignite reform debates. |
| 505 | Council of Trent | proper noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: Council + of + Trent. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | Trentin kirkolliskokous | The Council of Trent condemned abuses while reaffirming major teachings. |
| 506 | religious pluralism | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: religious + pluralism. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | uskonnollinen moniarvoisuus | Religious pluralism required states to negotiate differences among confessional communities. |
| 507 | empiricism | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Suffix focus: -ism often names a belief, system, movement, or practice. | empirismi | Empiricism encouraged investigators to test claims against measured results. |
| 508 | rationalism | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Suffix focus: -ism often names a belief, system, movement, or practice. | rationalismi | Rationalism led some philosophers to begin with principles they considered self-evident. |
| 509 | absolute monarchy | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: absolute + monarchy. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | itsevaltainen monarkia | Louis XIV became a symbol of absolute monarchy. |
| 510 | parliamentary government | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: parliamentary + government. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | parlamentaarinen hallitus | The prime minister leads the parliamentary government while retaining legislative support. |
| 511 | English Bill of Rights | proper noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: English + Bill + of + Rights. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | Englanti Bill of Rights | The English Bill of Rights prohibited the monarch from suspending laws alone. |
| 512 | plantation economy | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: plantation + economy. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | istutustaloutta | The sugar plantation economy depended heavily on enslaved workers. |
| 513 | enclosure movement | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: enclosure + movement. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | kotelon liike | The enclosure movement displaced some rural families while increasing commercial farming. |
| 514 | cottage industry | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: cottage + industry. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | kotiteollisuus | Before large factories, the cottage industry employed families who spun and wove cloth. |
| 515 | division of labor | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: division + of + labor. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | työnjako | Division of labor increased output but made many factory jobs repetitive. |
| 516 | labor union | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: labor + union. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | ammattiliitto | The labor union organized a strike for safer equipment. |
| 517 | protectorate | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Base-form focus: protectorate is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context. | protektoraatti | The treaty turned the kingdom into a protectorate with limited sovereignty. |
| 518 | sphere of influence | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: sphere + of + influence. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | vaikutuspiiri | Foreign states divided port regions into a sphere of influence. |
| 519 | settler colonialism | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: settler + colonialism. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | uudisasukkaiden kolonialismi | Settler colonialism transformed land ownership and governance. |
| 520 | extractive economy | noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: extractive + economy. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | kaivannaistalous | The extractive economy exported minerals while investing little in local manufacturing. |
| 521 | Berlin Conference | proper noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: Berlin + Conference. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | Berliinin konferenssi | No African representatives participated in the Berlin Conference. |
| 522 | Social Darwinism | proper noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: Social + Darwinism. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | sosiaalidarvinismi | Social Darwinism provided false scientific language for imperial domination. |
| 523 | French Revolution | proper noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: French + Revolution. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | Ranskan vallankumous | The French Revolution abolished feudal privileges and declared civic equality. |
| 524 | Estates-General | proper noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: Estates + General. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | Estates-kenraali | The king summoned the Estates-General to address the financial crisis. |
| 525 | National Assembly | proper noun StudyField: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: National + Assembly. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit. | kansalliskokous | The National Assembly pledged to write a constitution. |
Vocabulary reading and practice
Page 15 vocabulary review
Review five selected words from page 15.
English reading
Reading passage is being prepared.
Finnish translation
A reviewed translation is not available for this passage yet.
Vocabulary quiz
Choose the dictionary equivalent for each of 5 selected words.
Vocabulary chart page
This page focuses on the word chart. Reading passages appear once in each three-page group, while cloze quizzes remain in the established enhanced range for this level.
Sources and curriculum references
These references guide selection and calibration. Definitions, sample sentences, readings, questions, and teaching notes are independently written and reviewed.
- Common Core: Language Standards for Grades 9–10
- OpenStax: Biology 2e
- OpenStax: Chemistry 2e
- OpenStax: Algebra and Trigonometry 2e
- OpenStax: World History, Volume 2
- OpenStax: Psychology 2e
- OpenStax: Introduction to Philosophy
- WikDict downloadable bilingual dictionaries
- Kaikki.org / Wiktextract machine-readable Wiktionary data
- Language-Learning-decks public flashcard datasets
- SBBIC English-to-Khmer Dictionary
- English–Khmer Dictionary Dataset (machine-generated Khmer fallback; human review required)
- PanLex meanings snapshot (direct CC0 gap candidates; human review required)
- Cambridge bilingual dictionaries (individual editorial sense checks)
- Collins English–Hindi Dictionary (individual editorial checks)
- Hindwi and Rekhta dictionaries (individual Hindi/Urdu checks)
- National Institute of Korean Language: Basic Korean Dictionary
- JMdict/EDRDG Japanese dictionary project
- CC-CEDICT Chinese dictionary project
- VDict Vietnamese Dictionary (individual editorial check)
- Google Translate (machine-assisted lesson-reading draft; fluent review required)
- Kuperman et al.: Age-of-acquisition ratings for 30,000 English words
- The Princeton Review, Word Smart: Building an Educated Vocabulary (Privately Owned KSSR Materials; bibliographic calibration only).