English Vocabulary · Grade 10 Live Review Preview

10th Grade Vocabulary Words

Tenth-grade reading asks learners to move confidently among literary analysis, argument, source evaluation, laboratory science, mathematics, computing, history, economics, psychology, philosophy, and the arts. This level emphasizes precise academic language, disciplinary meanings, connotation, word relationships, and the ability to interpret unfamiliar vocabulary in demanding context.

This independently authored 800-word beta curriculum is arranged in twenty-three pages of up to thirty-five words. Pages containing words 1–500 include five cloze questions drawn only from that enhanced range; words 501–800 remain fully visible and editable as list pages while expanded practice is developed. Every row includes an editable subject-field label and a conservative word-study note about transparent affixes, compound structure, capitalization, or dictionary base forms. The cited sources calibrate range and difficulty only; all learner-facing definitions, examples, quizzes, and descriptions are original KSSR copy.

Please note: the vocabulary lists for grades 9~11 have been selected to ensure no overlap with the previous grade level. If the words are too specialized or difficult for you, please go back to grade levels 4~8 and review the words on those pages.

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Words 36–70 of 800
#	Word	Details	Meaning	Sample sentence
36	observer effect	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: observer + effect. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	efecto observador	Workers followed every procedure carefully while the inspector was present, demonstrating an observer effect.
37	Hawthorne effect	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: Hawthorne + effect. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	efecto espino	The temporary rise in productivity may reflect the Hawthorne effect.
38	double-blind study	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: double + blind + study. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	estudio doble ciego	A double-blind study reduced expectation effects during the drug trial.
39	longitudinal study	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: longitudinal + study. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	estudio longitudinal	The longitudinal study tracked language development from childhood through adolescence.
40	cross-sectional study	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: cross + sectional + study. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	estudio transversal	The cross-sectional study compared sleep habits across four age groups.
41	cohort study	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: cohort + study. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	estudio de cohorte	A cohort study monitored nurses who began work in the same decade.
42	case-control study	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: case + control + study. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	estudio de casos y controles	The case-control study examined earlier chemical exposure among patients with a rare illness.
43	meta-analysis	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: meta + analysis. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	metanálisis	The meta-analysis estimated the treatment's overall effect across twenty trials.
44	effect size	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: effect + size. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	1. tamaño del efecto 2. magnitud del efecto	Although the result was statistically significant, its effect size was small.
45	statistical power	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: statistical + power. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	poder estadístico	A larger sample increased the study's statistical power.
46	Type I error	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: Type + I + error. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	error tipo I	A Type I error would falsely identify the harmless additive as dangerous.
47	Type II error	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: Type + II + error. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	error de tipo II	A very small sample made a Type II error more likely.
48	falsifiability	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Suffix focus: -ability forms a noun for the capacity to have a quality or perform an action.	falsabilidad	A scientific claim needs falsifiability so observations could count against it.
49	parsimony	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Base-form focus: parsimony is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	parsimonia	The simpler model was favored for its parsimony.
50	explanatory model	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: explanatory + model. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	modelo explicativo	The explanatory model links warmer oceans with stronger evaporation and rainfall.
51	causal mechanism	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: causal + mechanism. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	mecanismo causal	Cell damage provides a possible causal mechanism linking the toxin to illness.
52	causal inference	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: causal + inference. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	inferencia causal	Randomized evidence supports stronger causal inference than a simple correlation.
53	counterfactual	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Base-form focus: counterfactual is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	contrafactual	The historian considers the counterfactual of the treaty never being signed.
54	necessary condition	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: necessary + condition. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	condición necesaria	Liquid water is a necessary condition for the reaction in this experiment.
55	sufficient condition	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: sufficient + condition. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	condición suficiente	Divisibility by four is a sufficient condition for a whole number ending in two zeros to be even.
56	validity	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Suffix focus: -ity commonly forms a noun naming a quality, state, or condition.	validez	The missing control group weakened the validity of the causal conclusion.
57	reliability	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Suffix focus: -ability forms a noun for the capacity to have a quality or perform an action.	fiabilidad	Repeated measurements within one millimeter demonstrated the instrument's reliability.
58	calibration	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result.	calibración	The laboratory performs calibration of each sensor before fieldwork.
59	data integrity	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: data + integrity. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	integridad de los datos	Access controls and checksums help protect data integrity.
60	data normalization	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: data + normalization. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	normalización de datos	Data normalization placed every temperature reading on the same unit scale.
61	data cleaning	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: data + cleaning. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	limpieza de datos	Data cleaning removed duplicate survey responses.
62	outlier detection	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: outlier + detection. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	detección de valores atípicos	Outlier detection revealed a misplaced decimal point.
63	missing data	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: missing + data. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	datos faltantes	The report explains how missing data from unanswered questions were handled.
64	imputation	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result.	imputación	The analyst used imputation rather than treating every blank response as zero.
65	coding scheme	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: coding + scheme. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	esquema de codificación	The coding scheme distinguishes supportive, neutral, and critical comments.
66	codebook	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Base-form focus: codebook is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	libro de códigos	The codebook explains that a value of nine means “response unavailable.”
67	thematic analysis	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: thematic + analysis. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	análisis temático	Thematic analysis revealed repeated concerns about safety and cost.
68	content analysis	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: content + analysis. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	análisis de contenido	The content analysis compared how often newspapers quoted scientists.
69	discourse analysis	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: discourse + analysis. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	análisis del discurso	Discourse analysis examined how official statements described protesters.
70	grounded theory	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: grounded + theory. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	teoría fundamentada	Through grounded theory, researchers built a model from repeated interview patterns.

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10th Grade Vocabulary Words

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