English Vocabulary · Grade 10 Live Review Preview

10th Grade Vocabulary Words

Tenth-grade reading asks learners to move confidently among literary analysis, argument, source evaluation, laboratory science, mathematics, computing, history, economics, psychology, philosophy, and the arts. This level emphasizes precise academic language, disciplinary meanings, connotation, word relationships, and the ability to interpret unfamiliar vocabulary in demanding context.

This independently authored 800-word beta curriculum is arranged in twenty-three pages of up to thirty-five words. Pages containing words 1–500 include five cloze questions drawn only from that enhanced range; words 501–800 remain fully visible and editable as list pages while expanded practice is developed. Every row includes an editable subject-field label and a conservative word-study note about transparent affixes, compound structure, capitalization, or dictionary base forms. The cited sources calibrate range and difficulty only; all learner-facing definitions, examples, quizzes, and descriptions are original KSSR copy.

Please note: the vocabulary lists for grades 9~11 have been selected to ensure no overlap with the previous grade level. If the words are too specialized or difficult for you, please go back to grade levels 4~8 and review the words on those pages.

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Words 71–105 of 800
#	Word	Details	Meaning	Sample sentence
71	ethnography	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Root and suffix focus: -graphy relates to writing, recording, or describing.	in-depth study of a community or culture through sustained observation and participation	The ethnography describes daily cooperation in a coastal fishing village.
72	participant observation	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: participant + observation. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	research in which an investigator takes part in a group's activities while systematically observing them	Participant observation helped the researcher understand unwritten workshop routines.
73	field note	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: field + note. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	a detailed record of observations, context, and reflections made during field research	Her field note describes who entered the meeting and where each person sat.
74	interview protocol	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: interview + protocol. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	a planned sequence of questions and procedures used consistently across interviews	The interview protocol begins with consent and neutral background questions.
75	informed consent	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: informed + consent. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	voluntary agreement to participate after receiving understandable information about purpose, risks, and rights	Each volunteer signed an informed consent form before the first session.
76	anonymity	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Suffix focus: -ity commonly forms a noun naming a quality, state, or condition.	protection that prevents a person's identity from being known or linked to information	The anonymous ballot preserved voter anonymity.
77	confidentiality	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Suffix focus: -ity commonly forms a noun naming a quality, state, or condition.	the duty to limit access to private information and use it only as promised	The counselor maintained confidentiality by storing records in an encrypted system.
78	debriefing	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Base-form focus: debriefing is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	an explanation given after an activity or study to clarify its purpose, methods, and possible effects	During debriefing, participants learned why the task had concealed its true aim.
79	institutional review board	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: institutional + review + board. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	a committee that evaluates research involving people for ethical protections	The institutional review board required clearer language about withdrawal rights.
80	preregistration	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result.	public recording of research questions and analysis plans before examining results	Preregistration made it harder to hide an unsuccessful primary test.
81	open data	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: open + data. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	data made available for lawful reuse under stated conditions	The city released traffic counts as open data.
82	open science	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: open + science. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	research practices that increase access, transparency, collaboration, and reproducibility	Open science encouraged the team to share its materials and analysis code.
83	reproducible workflow	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: reproducible + workflow. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	an analysis process documented so another person can repeat it with the same data	The notebook created a reproducible workflow from raw measurements to final graph.
84	audit trail	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: audit + trail. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	a chronological record showing who changed information or completed an action	The audit trail revealed when the invoice total was edited.
85	chain of custody	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: chain + of + custody. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	documented control over evidence from collection through analysis and storage	A sealed container and signed log preserved the sample's chain of custody.
86	tertiary source	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: tertiary + source. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	a broad reference that summarizes information compiled from primary and secondary works	An encyclopedia is a tertiary source useful for initial orientation.
87	source triangulation	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: source + triangulation. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	comparison of independent sources to test whether they support the same account	Source triangulation connected the photograph, weather log, and witness testimony.
88	lateral reading	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: lateral + reading. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	checking a source by leaving it and consulting independent information about its reputation and claims	Lateral reading showed that the impressive website belonged to a lobbying organization.
89	reverse image search	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: reverse + image + search. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	a tool-based search for earlier or matching appearances of an image online	A reverse image search found that the supposed storm photograph was ten years old.
90	domain authority	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: domain + authority. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the credibility associated with an organization or specialist responsible for a publication	A government health agency has stronger domain authority on vaccination statistics than an anonymous meme page.
91	editorial oversight	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: editorial + oversight. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	review and accountability applied by editors before and after publication	Visible correction policies are evidence of editorial oversight.
92	financial disclosure	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: financial + disclosure. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	a statement identifying financial interests that could influence professional judgment	The article's financial disclosure notes that the study was funded by the manufacturer.
93	retraction	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Suffix focus: -tion commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result.	formal withdrawal of a published work because its findings or integrity are no longer trustworthy	The journal issued a retraction after discovering fabricated data.
94	erratum	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Base-form focus: erratum is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	a published correction of a specific error in an earlier work	The erratum changes the mislabeled unit from meters to centimeters.
95	literature gap	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: literature + gap. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	an important question or perspective not adequately addressed by existing scholarship	The review identifies a literature gap concerning rural teenagers.
96	methodological limitation	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: methodological + limitation. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	a feature of a study's design that restricts what its results can establish	The small volunteer sample was a methodological limitation because it did not represent the whole population.
97	researcher degrees of freedom	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: researcher + degrees + of + freedom. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the many defensible choices a researcher can make about collecting, excluding, transforming, and analyzing data	Preregistration limits researcher degrees of freedom that might otherwise favor a desired result.
98	peer-review bias	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: peer + review + bias. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	systematic unfairness in editorial evaluation related to an author's identity, institution, topic, or expected result	Anonymous manuscript review can reduce some forms of peer-review bias.
99	selective reporting bias	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: selective + reporting + bias. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	distortion created when only favorable outcomes or analyses are disclosed	The registry exposed selective reporting bias because several measured outcomes were missing from the article.
100	replication crisis	noun Study Field: Grade 10 research, argument, and source-literacy term Word study: Term structure: replication + crisis. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	a research problem in which many published findings cannot be reproduced consistently	The replication crisis led several journals to require clearer methods and shared data.
101	dramaturgy	noun Study Field: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Base-form focus: dramaturgy is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	the theory and practice of shaping drama for performance	The director studied dramaturgy to understand how the play's scenes build political tension.
102	tragic flaw	noun Study Field: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: tragic + flaw. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	a trait or error that contributes to a tragic character's downfall	The ruler's pride becomes the tragic flaw that prevents compromise.
103	deus ex machina	noun Study Field: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: deus + ex + machina. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	an unlikely outside intervention that abruptly resolves a plot	A sudden inheritance functions as a deus ex machina rather than a prepared solution.
104	fourth wall	noun Study Field: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Term structure: fourth + wall. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the imaginary boundary separating performers from an audience	The actor breaks the fourth wall by asking viewers to judge the trial.
105	peripeteia	noun Study Field: Grade 10 literature, rhetoric, and language term Word study: Base-form focus: peripeteia is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	a sudden reversal in a character's circumstances or the direction of a plot	The messenger's news creates peripeteia by turning victory into danger.

Vocabulary reading and practice

Page 3 vocabulary review

Review five selected words from page 3.

Vocabulary quiz

Complete 5 review questions for this page.

1. The anonymous ballot preserved voter ___.

Answer: anonymity

2. A ___ found that the supposed storm photograph was ten years old.

Answer: reverse image search

3. The ruler's pride becomes the ___ that prevents compromise.

Answer: tragic flaw

4. The counselor maintained ___ by storing records in an encrypted system.

Answer: confidentiality

5. A government health agency has stronger ___ on vaccination statistics than an anonymous meme page.

Answer: domain authority

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10th Grade Vocabulary Words

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