English Vocabulary · Grade 10 Live Review Preview

10th Grade Vocabulary Words

Tenth-grade reading asks learners to move confidently among literary analysis, argument, source evaluation, laboratory science, mathematics, computing, history, economics, psychology, philosophy, and the arts. This level emphasizes precise academic language, disciplinary meanings, connotation, word relationships, and the ability to interpret unfamiliar vocabulary in demanding context.

This independently authored 800-word beta curriculum is arranged in twenty-three pages of up to thirty-five words. Pages containing words 1–500 include five cloze questions drawn only from that enhanced range; words 501–800 remain fully visible and editable as list pages while expanded practice is developed. Every row includes an editable subject-field label and a conservative word-study note about transparent affixes, compound structure, capitalization, or dictionary base forms. The cited sources calibrate range and difficulty only; all learner-facing definitions, examples, quizzes, and descriptions are original KSSR copy.

Please note: the vocabulary lists for grades 9~11 have been selected to ensure no overlap with the previous grade level. If the words are too specialized or difficult for you, please go back to grade levels 4~8 and review the words on those pages.

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Words 526–560 of 800
#	Word	Details	Meaning	Sample sentence
526	Reign of Terror	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: Reign + of + Terror. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the radical phase of the French Revolution marked by emergency rule and mass executions	Thousands were executed during the Reign of Terror.
527	Napoleonic Code	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: Napoleonic + Code. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the civil law code introduced under Napoleon that standardized many legal principles	The Napoleonic Code protected property rights while limiting women's legal independence.
528	Congress of Vienna	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: Congress + of + Vienna. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the 1814–1815 meeting that redrew Europe and sought stability after the Napoleonic wars	The Congress of Vienna restored several monarchies and balanced major powers.
529	conservatism	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Suffix focus: -ism often names a belief, system, movement, or practice.	a political outlook favoring continuity, inherited institutions, and cautious change	Postwar conservatism supported restored monarchies.
530	liberalism	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Suffix focus: -ism often names a belief, system, movement, or practice.	a political tradition emphasizing individual rights, legal equality, and limits on government power	Nineteenth-century liberalism often supported constitutions and representative institutions.
531	World War I	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: World + War + I. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the global conflict fought mainly from 1914 to 1918 between the Central Powers and the Allied powers	World War I mobilized armies and civilian economies on an unprecedented scale.
532	war reparations	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: war + reparations. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	payments or transfers demanded from a defeated state for wartime damage	German war reparations became a source of political conflict.
533	mandate system	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: mandate + system. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the League of Nations arrangement placing former German and Ottoman territories under outside administration	The mandate system continued imperial control under international supervision.
534	Russian Revolution	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: Russian + Revolution. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the 1917 upheavals that ended imperial rule and brought the Bolsheviks to power	The Russian Revolution withdrew Russia from World War I.
535	Bolshevik	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Base-form focus: Bolshevik is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	a member or supporter of the revolutionary socialist faction led by Lenin	A Bolshevik government seized key institutions in Petrograd.
536	collectivization	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Suffix focus: -ization forms a noun for a process of making or becoming.	the forced or organized consolidation of individual farms into collective units	Soviet collectivization caused resistance, disruption, and famine.
537	appeasement	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Suffix focus: -ment commonly forms a noun for an action, process, state, or result.	a policy of making concessions to an aggressive power in hopes of avoiding conflict	The Munich Agreement became a major example of appeasement.
538	World War II	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: World + War + II. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the global conflict fought from 1939 to 1945 between the Axis and Allied coalitions	World War II caused enormous military and civilian deaths.
539	Nuremberg trials	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: Nuremberg + trials. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	postwar trials that prosecuted leading Nazi officials for international crimes	The Nuremberg trials established an important record of Nazi crimes.
540	containment	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Suffix focus: -ment commonly forms a noun for an action, process, state, or result.	the Cold War policy of limiting the further spread of Soviet influence and communism	The United States used alliances and aid as instruments of containment.
541	nonalignment	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Suffix focus: -ment commonly forms a noun for an action, process, state, or result.	a policy of avoiding formal alignment with major rival power blocs	India promoted nonalignment during the Cold War.
542	deflation	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Suffix focus: -ation commonly forms a noun naming an action, process, or result.	a sustained decrease in the general price level	Deflation can increase the real burden of debt.
543	unemployment rate	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: unemployment + rate. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the percentage of the labor force without work and actively seeking employment	The unemployment rate fell as firms hired more workers.
544	comparative advantage	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: comparative + advantage. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the ability to produce something at a lower opportunity cost than another producer	Comparative advantage can make specialization beneficial even when one country is more productive in everything.
545	trade barrier	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: trade + barrier. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	a policy or condition that restricts international exchange	A tariff is a trade barrier that raises the cost of imported goods.
546	Peace of Westphalia	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: Peace + of + Westphalia. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the 1648 settlements that ended the Thirty Years' War and strengthened the principle of territorial state sovereignty in Europe	The Peace of Westphalia allowed each participating ruler greater authority over affairs within the ruler's territory.
547	Glorious Revolution	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: Glorious + Revolution. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the 1688–1689 transfer of the English crown that strengthened Parliament and limited monarchical power	The Glorious Revolution helped establish that the English monarch governed under law and with Parliament.
548	habeas corpus	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: habeas + corpus. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	a legal protection requiring authorities to justify a person's detention before a court	A petition for habeas corpus challenges imprisonment without lawful cause.
549	ancien régime	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: ancien + régime. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the political and social order of France before the 1789 Revolution	Under the ancien régime, legal privileges differed among the three estates.
550	cahier de doléances	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: cahier + de + doléances. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	a list of grievances and proposals prepared in France for the Estates-General of 1789	One cahier de doléances demanded fairer taxation and regular meetings of representatives.
551	Tennis Court Oath	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: Tennis + Court + Oath. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the 1789 pledge by members of France's National Assembly not to separate before creating a constitution	The Tennis Court Oath turned a meeting dispute into a public commitment to constitutional change.
552	sans-culottes	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: sans + culottes. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	radical working-class activists of the French Revolution associated with direct popular politics	The sans-culottes pressed the revolutionary government to control food prices.
553	Jacobin	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Base-form focus: Jacobin is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	a member of the influential radical political club during the French Revolution	The Jacobin supported a republic and stronger measures against perceived enemies of the revolution.
554	Directory	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Capitalization focus: this is a proper name, so its standard written form begins with a capital letter.	the five-member executive government that ruled France from 1795 until Napoleon's 1799 coup	The Directory struggled with corruption, financial instability, and military dependence.
555	Continental System	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: Continental + System. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	Napoleon's policy intended to weaken Britain by excluding British trade from territories under French influence	Smuggling undermined the Continental System along much of Europe's coastline.
556	Concert of Europe	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: Concert + of + Europe. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	a nineteenth-century arrangement in which major European powers consulted to preserve political order and prevent another continent-wide war	The Concert of Europe used periodic congresses to address international crises.
557	Metternich system	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: Metternich + system. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	the conservative diplomatic order associated with Austrian statesman Klemens von Metternich after the Napoleonic Wars	The Metternich system sought to contain nationalism and revolutionary liberalism.
558	revolutions of 1848	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Term structure: revolutions + of + 1848. Study the complete expression as one field-specific unit.	a wave of liberal, nationalist, and social uprisings across many European states	The revolutions of 1848 briefly forced several rulers to promise constitutions.
559	Risorgimento	proper noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Capitalization focus: this is a proper name, so its standard written form begins with a capital letter.	the nineteenth-century movement for political and cultural unification of the Italian states	The Risorgimento joined diplomacy, popular activism, and warfare in the creation of Italy.
560	Realpolitik	noun Study Field: Grade 10 world-history, civics, and economics term Word study: Base-form focus: Realpolitik is the dictionary headword; compare its inflected or derived forms in context.	statecraft based on practical power and achievable interests rather than primarily on ideology	Bismarck used Realpolitik to pursue German unification through calculated alliances and wars.

Vocabulary reading and practice

Revolution and Restoration

Reading practice for pages 16–18. Five relevant words are highlighted.

English reading

The Reign of Terror exposed the French Revolution’s violent struggle over authority and citizenship. Napoleon later consolidated legal reforms in the Napoleonic Code while also centralizing power. After his defeat, the Congress of Vienna restored dynasties and borders. Nineteenth-century debates then placed conservatism, which valued order and tradition, against liberalism, which emphasized rights and constitutional reform.

Reading comprehension

1. What did the Napoleonic Code consolidate?

It consolidated legal reforms.

2. What did the Congress of Vienna restore?

It restored dynasties and borders.

3. How did liberalism differ from conservatism?

Liberalism emphasized rights and reform, while conservatism emphasized order and tradition.

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10th Grade Vocabulary Words

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Revolution and Restoration

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